背景
在DpiAware = SystemAware的情况下需要获取主屏的DPI值,
DPI感知
DPI(Dots Per Inch)是指每英寸的点数,通常用于描述屏幕分辨率。在Windows操作系统中,DPI感知(DPI Awareness)是指应用程序能够感知到屏幕的DPI设置,并根据DPI值调整其界面元素的大小和布局,以提供更好的用户体验。
DPI感知有两种模式:系统DPI感知和每个监视器DPI感知。
系统DPI感知(System aware)
系统DPI感知是指应用程序根据整个系统的DPI设置来调整其界面元素的大小和布局。这种模式下,当用户更改系统DPI设置时,所有应用程序的界面都会相应地调整。
每个监视器DPI感知(Per Monitor)
每个监视器DPI感知是指应用程序能够检测到每个显示器的DPI设置,并根据每个显示器的DPI值分别调整其界面元素的大小和布局。这种模式下,当用户在不同DPI设置的显示器之间移动应用程序窗口时,应用程序的界面会自动适应每个显示器的DPI设置。
注意事项
在实现DPI感知时,需要确保应用程序的界面元素能够正确地缩放,以避免在高DPI设置下出现模糊或过小的情况。
在使用每个监视器DPI感知时,需要注意处理不同显示器之间的DPI变化,以确保应用程序的界面在不同显示器之间保持一致。
在编写DPI感知应用程序时,建议使用支持高DPI的UI框架,如Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF)或Qt等。
QT应用
qt应用程序为了默认支持高清屏,设置的DPI感知类型为Per Monitor,以下为5.15.2源码
时机为程序创建第一个窗口之前,所以需要修改DPI感知类型需要在这个时机之前,否则会有warning提示设置失败。
代码语言:C复制// Srcqtbasesrcpluginsplatformswindowsqwindowsintegration.cpp
QWindowsIntegrationPrivate::QWindowsIntegrationPrivate(const QStringList ¶mList)
{
initOpenGlBlacklistResources();
static bool dpiAwarenessSet = false;
int tabletAbsoluteRange = -1;
// Default to per-monitor awareness to avoid being scaled when monitors with different DPI
// are connected to Windows 8.1
QtWindows::ProcessDpiAwareness dpiAwareness = QtWindows::ProcessPerMonitorDpiAware;
m_options = parseOptions(paramList, &tabletAbsoluteRange, &dpiAwareness);
QWindowsFontDatabase::setFontOptions(m_options);
if (m_context.initPointer(m_options)) {
QCoreApplication::setAttribute(Qt::AA_CompressHighFrequencyEvents);
} else {
m_context.initTablet(m_options);
if (tabletAbsoluteRange >= 0)
m_context.setTabletAbsoluteRange(tabletAbsoluteRange);
}
if (!dpiAwarenessSet) { // Set only once in case of repeated instantiations of QGuiApplication.
if (!QCoreApplication::testAttribute(Qt::AA_PluginApplication)) {
m_context.setProcessDpiAwareness(dpiAwareness);
qCDebug(lcQpaWindows)
<< __FUNCTION__ << "DpiAwareness=" << dpiAwareness
<< "effective process DPI awareness=" << QWindowsContext::processDpiAwareness();
}
dpiAwarenessSet = true;
}
m_context.initTouch(m_options);
QPlatformCursor::setCapability(QPlatformCursor::OverrideCursor);
m_context.initPowerNotificationHandler();
}
Windows上主动设置qt应用的DPI感知,需要判断系统不低于windows8.1
代码语言:C复制if (QOperatingSystemVersion::current() < QOperatingSystemVersion::Windows8_1) {
return;
}
HMODULE shcoreModule = LoadLibraryW(L"SHCore.dll");
if (!shcoreModule) {
qInfo() << "LoadLibraryW SHCore.dll error:" << GetLastError();
return;
}
typedef HRESULT(WINAPI * SetProcessDpiAwareness)(int);
SetProcessDpiAwareness setProcessDpiAwareness =
(SetProcessDpiAwareness)GetProcAddress(shcoreModule, "SetProcessDpiAwareness");
if (setProcessDpiAwareness) {
HRESULT res = setProcessDpiAwareness(PROCESS_SYSTEM_DPI_AWARE);
if (res != S_OK) {
qInfo() << "SetProcessDpiAwareness error:" << res;
} else {
qInfo() << "SetProcessDpiAwareness success";
}
}
if (shcoreModule) {
FreeLibrary(shcoreModule);
}
获取主屏DPI
在默认qt程序下,获取主屏DPI需要先调整DPI感知类型然后再获取,否则会拿到错误的DPI值,主要利用SHCore.dll和User32.dll两个系统模块,系统不低于windows 8.1
话不多说,直接上代码,仅供参考学习
代码语言:C复制bool GetPrimaryMonitorDpi(float &dpi) {
bool bRes = false;
HMODULE shcoreModule = nullptr;
do
{
if (QOperatingSystemVersion::current() < QOperatingSystemVersion::Windows8_1) {
break;
}
class ScopedPerMonitorAware {
typedef DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT(WINAPI* SetThreadDpiAwarenessContext)(DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT);
public:
ScopedPerMonitorAware() {
user32Module_ = LoadLibraryW(L"User32.dll");
if (!user32Module_) {
return;
}
setThreadDpiAwarenessContext_ =
(SetThreadDpiAwarenessContext)GetProcAddress(user32Module_, "SetThreadDpiAwarenessContext");
if (!setThreadDpiAwarenessContext_) {
return;
}
bak_ = setThreadDpiAwarenessContext_(DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT_PER_MONITOR_AWARE);
if (bak_ == NULL)
qInfo() << __FUNCTION__ << " SetThreadDpiAwarenessContext failed " << ::GetLastError();
}
~ScopedPerMonitorAware() {
if (bak_ != NULL && setThreadDpiAwarenessContext_) {
setThreadDpiAwarenessContext_(bak_);
}
if (user32Module_) {
FreeLibrary(user32Module_);
}
}
private:
DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT bak_;
HMODULE user32Module_ = nullptr;
SetThreadDpiAwarenessContext setThreadDpiAwarenessContext_ = nullptr;
} scoped_per_monitor_aware;
HMODULE shcoreModule = LoadLibraryW(L"SHCore.dll");
if (!shcoreModule) {
break;
}
typedef HRESULT(WINAPI * GetDpiForMonitor)(HMONITOR, MONITOR_DPI_TYPE, UINT*, UINT*);
GetDpiForMonitor getDpiForMonitor =
(GetDpiForMonitor)GetProcAddress(shcoreModule, "GetDpiForMonitor");
if (!getDpiForMonitor) {
break;
}
HMONITOR monitor = ::MonitorFromPoint({0, 0}, MONITOR_DEFAULTTOPRIMARY);
UINT result = 0, dpiY = 0;
const auto ret = getDpiForMonitor(monitor, MDT_EFFECTIVE_DPI, &result, &dpiY);
if (ret != S_OK) {
break;
}
dpi = dpiY / 96.0f;
bRes = true;
} while (0);
if (shcoreModule) {
FreeLibrary(shcoreModule);
}
return bRes;
}