C++核心准则ES.45:避免“魔法常数”,使用符号化常量

2020-05-20 00:15:22 浏览数 (2)

ES.45: Avoid "magic constants"; use symbolic constants

ES.45:避免“魔法常数”,使用符号化常量

Reason(原因)

Unnamed constants embedded in expressions are easily overlooked and often hard to understand:

表达式中的无名常量很容易被忽视,通常也难于理解。

Example(示例)

代码语言:javascript复制
for (int m = 1; m <= 12;   m)   // don't: magic constant 12
    cout << month[m] << 'n';

No, we don't all know that there are 12 months, numbered 1..12, in a year. Better:

不是所有人都知道都理解数字1...12指的是一年中的12个月。好一点的写法是:

代码语言:javascript复制
// months are indexed 1..12
constexpr int first_month = 1;
constexpr int last_month = 12;

for (int m = first_month; m <= last_month;   m)   // better
    cout << month[m] << 'n';

Better still, don't expose constants:

不暴露常量也是比较好的做法:

代码语言:javascript复制
for (auto m : month)
    cout << m << 'n';
Enforcement(实施建议)

Flag literals in code. Give a pass to 0, 1, nullptr, n, "", and others on a positive list.

标记代码中的字面量。但是允许0,1,nullptr,n,“”,还有其他包括在正面清单中的字面量。 链接

https://github.com/isocpp/CppCoreGuidelines/blob/master/CppCoreGuidelines.md#es45-avoid-magic-constants-use-symbolic-constants

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