nova介绍 Nova 是 OpenStack 最核心的服务，负责维护和管理云环境的计算资源。OpenStack 作为 IaaS 的云操作系统，虚拟机生命周期管理也就是通过 Nova 来实现的。
用途与功能 : 1) 实例生命周期管理 2) 管理计算资源 3) 网络和认证管理 4)REST 风格的 API 5) 异步的一致性通信 6)Hypervisor 透明:支持Xen,XenServer/XCP,KVM, UML,VMware vSphere and Hyper-V
部署 创建nova相关数据库
代码语言：javascript复制# 在任意控制节点创建数据库，后台数据自动同步，以controller01节点为例；
# nova服务含4个数据库，统一授权到nova用户；
# placement主要涉及资源统筹，较常用的api接口是获取备选资源与claim资源等
[root@controller01 ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 68
Server version: 10.2.29-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
--------------------
| Database |
--------------------
| glance |
| information_schema |
| keystone |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
--------------------
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_api;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_cell0;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_placement;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_placement.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_placement.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> exit;
Bye创建计算服务凭据 创建nova用户
代码语言：javascript复制[root@controller01 ~]# . admin-openrc
[root@controller01 ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password=123456 nova
--------------------- ----------------------------------
| Field | Value |
--------------------- ----------------------------------
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | de3f2e2741ec4fe594df50947b15c679 |
| name | nova |
| options | {} |
| password_expires_at | None |
--------------------- ----------------------------------
[root@controller01 ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password=123456 placement
--------------------- ----------------------------------
| Field | Value |
--------------------- ----------------------------------
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | b9c6f0054cbb4f84877eb285bef57ced |
| name | placement |
| options | {} |
| password_expires_at | None |
--------------------- ---------------------------------- 赋权
代码语言：javascript复制[root@controller01 ~]# openstack role add --project service --user nova admin
[root@controller01 ~]# openstack role add --project service --user placement admin创建nova/placement服务实体
代码语言：javascript复制[root@controller01 ~]# openstack service create --name nova --description "OpenStack Compute" compute
------------- ----------------------------------
| Field | Value |
------------- ----------------------------------
| description | OpenStack Compute |
| enabled | True |
| id | f3b0b1d757c7426bb2863a9128fef978 |
| name | nova |
| type | compute |
------------- ----------------------------------
[root@controller01 ~]# openstack service create --name placement --description "Placement API" placement
------------- ----------------------------------
| Field | Value |
------------- ----------------------------------
| description | Placement API |
| enabled | True |
| id | 94fd6d420f4348aaad3abd682c7b473b |
| name | placement |
| type | placement |
------------- ---------------------------------- 创建nova/placement-api
代码语言：javascript复制# 注意--region与初始化admin用户时生成的region一致；
# api地址统一采用vip，如果public/internal/admin分别使用不同的vip，请注意区分；
# nova-api 服务类型为compute，placement-api服务类型为placement；
# nova public api
[root@controller01 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute public http://controller01:8774/v2.1
-------------- ----------------------------------
| Field | Value |
-------------- ----------------------------------
| enabled | True |
| id | a22329b89cba44a997b50da400c0843d |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | f3b0b1d757c7426bb2863a9128fef978 |
| service_name | nova |
| service_type | compute |
| url | http://controller01:8774/v2.1 |
-------------- ----------------------------------
[root@controller01 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute internal http://controller01:8774/v2.1
-------------- ----------------------------------
| Field | Value |
-------------- ----------------------------------
| enabled | True |
| id | 38b56b4c5bf742fbbdbcee017b8d6eb7 |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | f3b0b1d757c7426bb2863a9128fef978 |
| service_name | nova |
| service_type | compute |
| url | http://controller01:8774/v2.1 |
-------------- ----------------------------------
[root@controller01 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute admin http://controller01:8774/v2.1
-------------- ----------------------------------
| Field | Value |
-------------- ----------------------------------
| enabled | True |
| id | 978179c1c3a6453da009429d6e7017d2 |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | f3b0b1d757c7426bb2863a9128fef978 |
| service_name | nova |
| service_type | compute |
| url | http://controller01:8774/v2.1 |
-------------- ----------------------------------
[root@controller01 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement public http://controller01:8778
[root@controller01 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement internal http://controller01:8778
[root@controller01 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement admin http://controller01:8778安装nova
代码语言：javascript复制# 在全部控制节点安装nova相关服务，以controller01节点为例
[root@controller01 ~]# yum install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor
openstack-nova-console openstack-nova-novncproxy
openstack-nova-scheduler openstack-nova-placement-api -y配置nova.conf
代码语言：javascript复制# 在全部控制节点操作，以controller01节点为例；
# 注意”my_ip”参数，根据节点修改；
# 注意nova.conf文件的权限：root:nova
[root@controller01 ~]# cp /etc/nova/nova.conf /etc/nova/nova.conf.bak
[root@controller01 ~]# egrep -v "^$|^#" /etc/nova/nova.conf
[DEFAULT]
my_ip=10.21.0.36
use_neutron=true
firewall_driver=nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
enabled_apis=osapi_compute,metadata
osapi_compute_listen=$my_ip
osapi_compute_listen_port=8774
metadata_listen=$my_ip
metadata_listen_port=8775
# 前端采用haproxy时，服务连接rabbitmq会出现连接超时重连的情况，可通过各服务与rabbitmq的日志查看；
# # transport_url=rabbit://openstack:rabbitmq_pass@controller:5673
# # rabbitmq本身具备集群机制，官方文档建议直接连接rabbitmq集群；但采用此方式时服务启动有时会报错，原因不明；如果没有此现象，强烈建议连接rabbitmq直接对接集群而非通过前端haproxy
transport_url=rabbit://openstack:123456@controller01:5672,controller02:5672
[api]
auth_strategy=keystone
[api_database]
connection=mysql pymysql://nova:123456@controller01/nova_api
[barbican]
[cache]
backend=oslo_cache.memcache_pool
enabled=True
memcache_servers=controller01:11211,controller02:11211
[cells]
[cinder]
[compute]
[conductor]
[console]
[consoleauth]
[cors]
[crypto]
[database]
connection = mysql pymysql://nova:nova_d&OmJVoX@controller01/nova
[devices]
[ephemeral_storage_encryption]
[filter_scheduler]
[glance]
api_servers = http://controller01:9292
[guestfs]
[healthcheck]
[hyperv]
[ironic]
[key_manager]
[keystone]
[keystone_authtoken]
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
#auth_url = http://controller:35357
memcached_servers = controller01:11211,controller02:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = nova
[libvirt]
[matchmaker_redis]
[metrics]
[mks]
[neutron]
[notifications]
[osapi_v21]
[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path=/var/lib/nova/tmp
[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[oslo_messaging_kafka]
[oslo_messaging_notifications]
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
[oslo_messaging_zmq]
[oslo_middleware]
[oslo_policy]
[pci]
[placement]
region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
username = placement
password = placement
[quota]
[rdp]
[remote_debug]
[scheduler]
[serial_console]
[service_user]
[spice]
[upgrade_levels]
[vault]
[vendordata_dynamic_auth]
[vmware]
[vnc]
enabled=true
server_listen=$my_ip
server_proxyclient_address=$my_ip
novncproxy_base_url=http://$my_ip:6080/vnc_auto.html
novncproxy_host=$my_ip
novncproxy_port=6080
[workarounds]
[wsgi]
[xenserver]
[xvp]配置00-nova-placement-api.conf
代码语言：javascript复制# 在全部控制节点操作，以controller01节点为例；
# 注意根据不同节点修改监听地址
[root@controller01 ~]# cp /etc/httpd/conf.d/00-nova-placement-api.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/00-nova-placement-api.conf.bak
[root@controller01 ~]# sed -i "s/Listen 8778/Listen 192.168.182.131:8778/g" /etc/httpd/conf.d/00-nova-placement-api.conf
[root@controller01 ~]# sed -i "s/*:8778/192.168.182.131:8778/g" /etc/httpd/conf.d/00-nova-placement-api.conf
[root@controller01 ~]# echo "
#Placement API
<Directory /usr/bin>
<IfVersion >= 2.4>
Require all granted
</IfVersion>
<IfVersion < 2.4>
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</IfVersion>
</Directory>
" >> /etc/httpd/conf.d/00-nova-placement-api.conf
# 重启httpd服务，启动placement-api监听端口
[root@controller01 ~]# systemctl restart httpd同步nova相关数据库
代码语言：javascript复制# 任意控制节点操作；
# 同步nova-api数据库
[root@controller01 ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova
# 注册cell0数据库
[root@controller01 ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0" nova
# 创建cell1 cell
[root@controller01 ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell --name=cell1 --verbose" nova
# 同步nova数据库；
# 忽略”deprecated”信息
[root@controller01 ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova补充：
此版本在向数据库同步导入数据表时，报错：/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/oslo_db/sqlalchemy/enginefacade.py:332: NotSupportedWarning: Configuration option(s) [‘use_tpool’] not supported
exception.NotSupportedWarning
解决方案如下：
代码语言：javascript复制bug：https://bugs.launchpad.net/nova/ bug/1746530
pacth：https://github.com/openstack/oslo.db/commit/c432d9e93884d6962592f6d19aaec3f8f66ac3a2验证
代码语言：javascript复制Verify nova cell0 and cell1 are registered correctly:
# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 list_cells" nova
------- --------------------------------------
| Name | UUID |
------- --------------------------------------
| cell1 | 109e1d4b-536a-40d0-83c6-5f121b82b650 |
| cell0 | 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000 |
------- -------------------------------------- 启动服务
代码语言：javascript复制# 在全部控制节点操作，以controller01节点为例；
# 开机启动
[root@controller01 ~]# systemctl enable openstack-nova-api.service
openstack-nova-consoleauth.service
openstack-nova-scheduler.service
openstack-nova-conductor.service
openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
# 启动
[root@controller01 ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
[root@controller01 ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-consoleauth.service
[root@controller01 ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-scheduler.service
[root@controller01 ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-conductor.service
[root@controller01 ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
# 查看状态
[root@controller01 ~]# systemctl status openstack-nova-api.service
openstack-nova-consoleauth.service
openstack-nova-scheduler.service
openstack-nova-conductor.service
openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
# 查看端口
[root@controller01 ~]# netstat -tunlp | egrep '8774|8775|8778|6080'验证
代码语言：javascript复制[root@controller01 ~]# . admin-openrc
# 列出各服务组件，查看状态；
# 也可使用命令” nova service-list”
[root@controller01 ~]# openstack compute service list
# 展示api端点
[root@controller01 ~]# openstack catalog list
# 检查cell与placement api运行正常
[root@controller01 ~]# nova-status upgrade check
