Python的Lock和condition使用
Lock是threading模块提供的锁对象,Lock默认创建的是一个锁对象,当我们需要对全局对象进行操作的时候,可以通过Lock创建对象来锁定对象,Lock对象就好比java中的synchronize(aObject)代码中的aObject对象。
而condition除了具有Lock对象的acquire方法和release方法外,还有wait、notify、notifyAll方法等用于条件处理。Condition对象可以在某些事件触发或者达到特定条件后才处理数据。很像java中锁一个对象后,对象调用notify或者notifyAll方法去触发操作。Condition还支持从外界引用一个Lock对象。
Lock示例代码如下:
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-import timeimport threadingclass MyThread(threading.Thread): def run(self): global counter time.sleep(1) # 获得锁对象 if mutex.acquire(1): counter = counter 1 msg = self.name ' set counter to ' str(counter) print msg #释放锁 mutex.release()# 全局变量counter = 0#产生一个互斥锁mutex = threading.Lock()def test(): for i in range(0, 5): t = MyThread() t.start()if __name__ == '__main__': test() |
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输出内容:
Thread-1 set counter to 1 Thread-3 set counter to 2 Thread-2 set counter to 3 Thread-4 set counter to 4 Thread-5 set counter to 5 |
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Condition代码示例:
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-import threading, timeclass Seeker(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, cond, name): super(Seeker, self).__init__() self.cond = cond self.name = name def run(self): self.cond.acquire() print self.name ': 我已经把眼睛蒙上了' """ notify源码解析: __waiters = self.__waiters waiters = __waiters[:n] # 获取等待队列中的n个等待锁 for waiter in waiters: waiter.release() # 释放Hider的等待锁 try: __waiters.remove(waiter) except ValueError: pass """ # 释放n个waiter锁,waiter线程准备执行 self.cond.notify() print('notifyed...') # 释放condition条件锁,waiter线程Hider真正开始执行 self.cond.wait() print('waited...') print self.name ': 我找到你了 ~_~' self.cond.notify() self.cond.release() print self.name ': 我赢了'class Hider(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, cond, name): super(Hider, self).__init__() self.cond = cond self.name = name def run(self): self.cond.acquire() """ wait()源码解析: waiter = _allocate_lock() # 创建一把等待锁,加入waiters队列,等待notify唤醒 waiter.acquire() # 获取锁 self.__waiters.append(waiter) saved_state = self._release_save() # 释放condition.lock全局条件锁,以便其他等待线程执行 if timeout is None: waiter.acquire() # 再次获取锁,因为已经锁定无法继续,等待notify执行release """ # wait()释放对琐的占用,同时线程挂起在这里,直到被notify并重新占有琐。 self.cond.wait() print self.name ': 我已经藏好了,你快来找我吧' self.cond.notify() self.cond.wait() self.cond.release() print self.name ': 被你找到了,哎~~~'cond = threading.Condition() hider = Hider(cond, 'hider') seeker = Seeker(cond, 'seeker') hider.start() seeker.start() hider.join() seeker.join()print('end...') |
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输出结果:
seeker: 我已经把眼睛蒙上了 notifyed... hider: 我已经藏好了,你快来找我吧 waited... seeker: 我找到你了 ~_~ seeker: 我赢了 hider: 被你找到了,哎~~~ end... |
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Python的Lock和condition使用