群集类型
群集类型 | 列表 | 元组 | 字典 | 集合 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
list | tuple | dict | set |
1.列表 列表的类型是list,特点为有序，具备索引，内容与长度可以变动。要创建列表，可以使用[]直接表示法，列表中每个元素使用逗号分隔开。 列表的常见操作 (1) 元素的切片
代码语言：javascript复制names=["Zhangfei","Guanyu","Liubie","Zhaoyun","Machoa","Jiangwei","Mashu","Zhaoyun"]
print(names)
print(names[0]) # 切位置0的元素
print(names[0:4]) # 切出位置0~3的元素
print(names[-1]) # 切出最后一位的元素
print(names[-3:]) # 切片，左取右不取``
print(names[0:-1:2]) # 有间隔的切片
for i in names:
print(i) # 循环的切片方法，这个i就代表了列表中的元素
(2) 列表的增，改，删 names.append();names.insert();names.remove();names.pop()
代码语言：javascript复制names=["Zhangfei","Guanyu","Liubie","Zhaoyun","Machoa","Jiangwei","Masu","Zhaoyun"]
print(names)
names.append("Zhugelaing") # [增]-----在列表末尾 追加 诸葛亮
print(names)
names.insert(3,"daqiao") # [增]-----在列表中的位置3 插入 大乔
print(names)
names[2]="zhouyu" #[改]----- 将刘备 替换 为周瑜
print(names)
# names.remove("Masu") # [删]-----删除 马谡 (有三种常用的方法)
# del names[-3]
print(names.pop(-3))
print(names)
(3) 列表的查，统计 names.index();names.count()
代码语言：javascript复制names=["Zhangfei","Guanyu","Liubie","Zhaoyun","Machoa","Jiangwei","Masu","Zhaoyun"]
print(names)
print(names.index("Zhaoyun")) # 获取下标，赵云有俩个但是却只查到了列表里的第一个？？？？
print(names[names.index("Zhaoyun")])
print(names.count("Zhaoyun") ) # 统计 列表中赵云的个数
(4) 列表的反转，排序，合并 names.reverse();names,sort();names.extend()
代码语言：javascript复制names=["Zhangfei","Guanyu","Liubie","Zhaoyun","Machoa","Jiangwei","Masu","Zhaoyun"]
print(names)
names.reverse() # 将列表 反转
print(names)
names.sort() # 将列表按照默认的utf-8格式 排序
print(names)
names2=["Chaochao","Simayi","Diewei","Xiahuodong","Xuchu"]
names.extend(names2 ) # 合并俩个列表，但是合并的列表仍然存在
print(names)
(5) 列表的复制 names.copy();copy.copy();copy.deepcopy()
代码语言：javascript复制import copy # 需要为深copy引入模块
names=["Zhangfei","Guanyu","Liubie","Zhaoyun",["zhouyu","daqiao"],"Machoa","Jiangwei","Masu","Zhaoyun"]
names1=names # 完全就是二者相等
names2=names.copy() # 浅copy，第二个列表里其实copy的是一个地址，可以用来实现一个联合账户的功能
names3=copy.copy(names) # 三种不同的实现方法
names4=names[:]
names5=copy.deepcopy(names) # 深copy一般不用因为会占用更多的空间
names[2]="刘邦" # 将位置2的元素改为刘邦
names[4][0]="小乔" # 将位置4列表里的位置0元素改为大乔
print(names) # 比较几种不同的复制
print(names1)
print(names2)
print(names3)
print(names4)
print(names5)
(6) 列表的清除 names.clear()
代码语言：javascript复制names=["Zhangfei","Guanyu","Liubie","Zhaoyun","Machoa","Jiangwei","Masu","Zhaoyun"]
print(names)
names.clear()
print(names)
