[开发]Python实现运维监控服务器硬

2020-01-10 16:32:56 浏览数 (1)

      今天通过使用Python开发针对服务器硬件运行状态的监控,简单了解下在虚拟环境中的运维监控的实现,算是给全面研究云计算开一个头。

1.先准备环境,软件配置如下:

虚拟环境:     Vmware 10 操作系统:     Linux ubuntu-14.04-server-amd64 数据库   :     Mysql 开发语言:     Python 2.7 可视化   :     Highcharts

2.省略安装软件的步骤,开始创建数据库

创建数据库“flacon” 

代码语言:javascript复制
CREATE DATABASE flacon;

创建表“stat”

代码语言:javascript复制
CREATE TABLE stat (

  `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

  `host` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL,

  `mem_free` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,

  `mem_usage` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,

  `mem_total` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,

  `load_avg` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,

  `time` bigint(11) DEFAULT NULL,

  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),

  KEY `host` (`host`(255))

) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=0 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

在开发之前注意创建文件工程目录 web --templates    --mon.html --flask_web.py --monItems.py

3.用Python开发后台服务flask_web.py,用于将查询到的数据存入数据库,并相应前端页面的展示请求

代码语言:javascript复制
<span style="font-size:14px;">import MySQLdb as mysql
import json
from flask import Flask, request, render_template
app = Flask(__name__)
db = mysql.connect(user="root", passwd="root", 
        db="falcon", charset="utf8")
db.autocommit(True)
c = db.cursor()

@app.route("/", methods=["GET", "POST"])
def hello():
    sql = ""
    if request.method == "POST":
        data = request.json
        try:
            sql = "INSERT INTO `stat` (`host`,`mem_free`,`mem_usage`,`mem_total`,`load_avg`,`time`) VALUES('%s', '%d', '%d', '%d', '%s', '%d')" % (data['Host'], data['MemFree'], data['MemUsage'], data['MemTotal'], data['LoadAvg'], int(data['Time']))
            ret = c.execute(sql)
        except mysql.IntegrityError:
            pass
        return "OK"
    else:
        return render_template("mon.html")

@app.route("/data", methods=["GET"])
def getdata():
    c.execute("SELECT `time`,`mem_usage` FROM `stat`")
    ones = [[i[0]*1000, i[1]] for i in c.fetchall()]
    return "%s(%s);" % (request.args.get('callback'), json.dumps(ones))
    

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=8888, debug=True)</span>

注:服务通过ip:8888/和ip:8888/data两个请求url,用于相应不同的请求。根节点实现了两个方法,post方法用于将操作系统的监控数据接收并存储到mysql数据库中;get方法则返回mon.html页面。

/data的url用于相应客户端页面提交的查询最新的数据的请求,这里根据查询条件的不同可以查询到不同的信息,这里没有实现查询全部属性而是默认了mem_usage。

运行服务之后,效果如下:

4.用Python开发查询系统资源的服务moniItems.py

代码语言:javascript复制
import inspect
import time
import urllib, urllib2
import json
import socket

class mon:
    def __init__(self):
        self.data = {}

    def getTime(self):
        return str(int(time.time())   8 * 3600)

    def getHost(self):
        return socket.gethostname()

    def getLoadAvg(self):
        with open('/proc/loadavg') as load_open:
            a = load_open.read().split()[:3]
            return ','.join(a)
    
    def getMemTotal(self):
        with open('/proc/meminfo') as mem_open:
            a = int(mem_open.readline().split()[1])
            return a / 1024
    
    def getMemUsage(self, noBufferCache=True):
        if noBufferCache:
            with open('/proc/meminfo') as mem_open:
                T = int(mem_open.readline().split()[1])
                F = int(mem_open.readline().split()[1])
                B = int(mem_open.readline().split()[1])
                C = int(mem_open.readline().split()[1])
                return (T-F-B-C)/1024
        else:
            with open('/proc/meminfo') as mem_open:
                a = int(mem_open.readline().split()[1]) - int(mem_open.readline().split()[1])
                return a / 1024
    
    def getMemFree(self, noBufferCache=True):
        if noBufferCache:
            with open('/proc/meminfo') as mem_open:
                T = int(mem_open.readline().split()[1])
                F = int(mem_open.readline().split()[1])
                B = int(mem_open.readline().split()[1])
                C = int(mem_open.readline().split()[1])
                return (F B C)/1024
        else:
            with open('/proc/meminfo') as mem_open:
                mem_open.readline()
                a = int(mem_open.readline().split()[1])
                return a / 1024
    
    def runAllGet(self):
        #自动获取mon类里的所有getXXX方法,用XXX作为key,getXXX()的返回值作为value,构造字典
        for fun in inspect.getmembers(self, predicate=inspect.ismethod):
            if fun[0][:3] == 'get':
                self.data[fun[0][3:]] = fun[1]()
        return self.data

if __name__ == "__main__":
    while True:
        m = mon()
        data = m.runAllGet()
        print data
        req = urllib2.Request("http://localhost:8888", json.dumps(data), {'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
        f = urllib2.urlopen(req)
        response = f.read()
        print response
        f.close()
        time.sleep(2)

4.最后开发前端展示图表

代码语言:javascript复制
<title>运维原型</title>
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
        <title>运维原型</title>

        <script type="text/javascript" src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery.min.js"></script>
        <style type="text/css">
${demo.css}
        </style>
        <script type="text/javascript">
$(function () {
    $.getJSON('/data?callback=?', function (data) {

        // Create the chart
        $('#container').highcharts('StockChart', {

            rangeSelector: {
                inputEnabled: $('#container').width() > 480,
                selected: 1
            },

            title: {
                text: '运维原型'
            },

            series: [{
                name: '运维原型',
                data: data,
                type: 'spline',
                tooltip: {
                    valueDecimals: 2
                }
            }]
        });
    });
});
        </script>
    </head>
    <body>
<script src="http://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highstock/2.0.4/highstock.js"></script>
<script src="http://code.highcharts.com/modules/exporting.js"></script>


<div id="container" style="height: 400px"></div>
    </body>

</html>


注:顶一个div,命名为container,用于存放统计图表。页面通过向/data目录提交请求获得监控数据的查询结果,在回调函数中展示。通过访问url:http://ip:8888可以看到展现效果,如下:


5.总结

     通过这个例子的开发,可以了解通过Python进行运维监控的基本方法,关键问题是要从操作系统的/proc/meminfo和/proc/loadavg文件查询操作系统内存使用数据和CPU的负载信息。以下blog可以帮助详细了解memnifo文件的内容和/proc目录其他文件的介绍。
http://blog.csdn.net/cnctloveyu/article/details/4074892
http://blog.csdn.net/kevinx_xu/article/details/8178746

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