在 Django 中，文件上传时出现 500 错误通常是服务器端未处理的异常。这类错误可能有多种原因，包括配置问题、权限问题或上传逻辑中的错误。以下是一些常见的导致 Django 文件上传失败并出现 500 错误的原因和解决方法。
1、问题背景
在 Django 中使用文件上传功能时，遇到了 500 错误，无法成功上传文件。
2、解决方案
- 检查 Apache 和 Django 的配置是否正确。
- 确保已安装必要的库，例如
python-imaging。 - 检查文件上传的大小限制，确保不超过服务器的限制。
- 检查文件上传的路径是否存在，并具有适当的权限。
- 检查服务器的日志文件，以获取更多有关错误的信息。
# settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = (
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'django_file_form',
'django_file_form.ajaxuploader',
'jfu',
)
TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS = (
'django.core.context_processors.request',
'django.core.context_processors.static',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
)
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
)
STATIC_ROOT = '/path/to/static/'
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'static').replace('\','/'),
)
# views.py
from django.conf import settings
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.views import generic
from django.views.decorators.http import require_POST
from jfu.http import upload_receive, UploadResponse, JFUResponse
@require_POST
def upload( request ):
# The assumption here is that jQuery File Upload
# has been configured to send files one at a time.
# If multiple files can be uploaded simulatenously,
# 'file' may be a list of files.
file = upload_receive( request )
instance = YOURMODEL( file = file )
instance.save()
basename = os.path.basename( instance.file.path )
file_dict = {
'name' : basename,
'size' : file.size,
'url': settings.MEDIA_URL basename,
'thumbnailUrl': settings.MEDIA_URL basename,
'deleteUrl': reverse('jfu_delete', kwargs = { 'pk': instance.pk }),
'deleteType': 'POST',
}
return UploadResponse( request, file_dict )
@require_POST
def upload_delete( request, pk ):
success = True
try:
instance = YOURMODEL.objects.get( pk = pk )
os.unlink( instance.file.path )
instance.delete()
except YOURMODEL.DoesNotExist:
success = False
return JFUResponse( request, success )
# urls.py
from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
from bible import views
from django.contrib import admin
from django.conf.urls.static import static
from django.conf import settings
urlpatterns = patterns('',
# Examples:
# url(r'^$', 'bible.views.home', name='home'),
# url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls')),
url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
url(r'^verses/', views.index),
url(r'^search/', views.search),
url(r'^contact/', views.contact),
url(r'^profile/', views.profile),
url(r'^register', views.register),
url( r'upload/', views.upload, name = 'jfu_upload' ),
# You may optionally define a delete url as well
url( r'^delete/(?P<pk>d )$', views.upload_delete, name = 'jfu_delete' ),
) static(settings.STATIC_URL, document_root=settings.STATIC_ROOT)
# models.py
from django.db import models
from django.forms import ModelForm
from django.conf import settings
# Create your models here.
class Photo( models.Model ):
file = models.FileField( upload_to = settings.MEDIA_ROOT )这些步骤可以帮助你快速定位并解决 Django 文件上传时的 500 错误。如果还有问题，可以提供更多详细的错误信息以便进一步排查。
