本文语法为Swift4
前言
AttributedString
可以分为NSAttributedString
和NSMutableAttributedString
两种。
在使用中通过将AttributedString
赋值给控件的 attributedText
属性来添加文字样式。
可设置的控件有UILabel
、UITextField
和UITextView
。
Swift使用
简单示例
代码语言:javascript复制let mutableAttributedString = NSMutableAttributedString();
//设置样式
let strAttr = [
NSAttributedStringKey.font : UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 16),
NSAttributedStringKey.foregroundColor:UIColor.darkGray,
NSAttributedStringKey.baselineOffset:0
] as [NSAttributedStringKey : Any];
//插入
let attributedString = NSAttributedString(string: leftStr, attributes: strAttr);
mutableAttributedString.insert(
attributedString,
at: mutableAttributedString.string.endIndex.encodedOffset
);
也可以在定义后再添加样式
代码语言:javascript复制mutableAttributedString.addAttributes(strAttr, range: NSRange(location: 0, length: mutableAttributedString.length));
所有可设置样式
简单样式
代码语言:javascript复制//设置字体
NSAttributedStringKey.font : UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 16)
//设置字体的颜色
NSAttributedStringKey.foregroundColor:UIColor.darkGray
//设置背景色
NSAttributedStringKey.backgroundColor:UIColor.clear
//设置基准位置 (正值上偏,负值下偏)
NSAttributedStringKey.baselineOffset:0
//字符间距
NSAttributedStringKey.kern:2
//设置字体倾斜度,取值为float,正值右倾,负值左倾
NSAttributedStringKey.obliqueness:0
//设置字体的横向拉伸,取值为float,正值拉伸 ,负值压缩
NSAttributedStringKey.expansion:0
段落样式
代码语言:javascript复制let paragraphStyle = NSMutableParagraphStyle();
//行间距
paragraphStyle.lineSpacing = 5;
//段落间距
paragraphStyle.paragraphSpacing = 10;
//对齐方式
paragraphStyle.alignment = NSTextAlignment.left;
//段落开始的缩进像素
paragraphStyle.firstLineHeadIndent = 4;
//全部文字的缩进像素(不包含首行)
paragraphStyle.headIndent = 4;
//设置
NSAttributedStringKey.paragraphStyle:paragraphStyle
OC使用
初始化
代码语言:javascript复制NSMutableAttributedString *attributedString = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc]init];
设置字体格式和大小
代码语言:javascript复制NSString *str0 = @"设置字体格式和大小";
NSDictionary *dictAttr0 = @{NSFontAttributeName:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:14]};
NSAttributedString *attr0 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str0 attributes:dictAttr0];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr0];
设置字体颜色
代码语言:javascript复制NSString *str1 = @"n设置字体颜色n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr1 = @{NSForegroundColorAttributeName:[UIColor purpleColor]};
NSAttributedString *attr1 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str1 attributes:dictAttr1];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr1];
设置字体背景颜色
代码语言:javascript复制NSString *str2 = @"设置字体背景颜色n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr2 = @{NSBackgroundColorAttributeName:[UIColor cyanColor]};
NSAttributedString *attr2 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str2 attributes:dictAttr2];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr2];
设置连体属性
代码语言:javascript复制/*
注:NSLigatureAttributeName设置连体属性,取值为NSNumber对象(整数),1表示使用默认的连体字符,0表示不使用,2表示使用所有连体符号(iOS不支持2)。而且并非所有的字符之间都有组合符合。如 fly ,f和l会连起来。
*/
NSString *str3 = @"fly";
NSDictionary *dictAttr3 = @{NSFontAttributeName:[UIFont fontWithName:@"futura" size:14],NSLigatureAttributeName:[NSNumber numberWithInteger:1]};
NSAttributedString *attr3 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str3 attributes:dictAttr3];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr3];
设置字符之间的间距
代码语言:javascript复制/*!
注:NSKernAttributeName用来设置字符之间的间距,取值为NSNumber对象(整数),负值间距变窄,正值间距变宽
*/
NSString *str4 = @"n设置字符间距";
NSDictionary *dictAttr4 = @{NSKernAttributeName:@(4)};
NSAttributedString *attr4 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str4 attributes:dictAttr4];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr4];
设置删除线
代码语言:javascript复制/*!
注:NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName设置删除线
取值为NSNumber对象,枚举NSUnderlineStyle中的值。
NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName设置删除线的颜色。
并可以将Style和Pattern相互 取与 获取不同的效果
*/
NSString *str51 = @"n设置删除线为细单实线,颜色为红色";
NSDictionary *dictAttr51 = @{NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName:@(NSUnderlineStyleSingle),NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName:[UIColor redColor]};
NSAttributedString *attr51 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str51 attributes:dictAttr51];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr51];
代码语言:javascript复制NSString *str52 = @"n设置删除线为粗单实线,颜色为红色";
NSDictionary *dictAttr52 = @{NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName:@(NSUnderlineStyleThick),NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName:[UIColor redColor]};
NSAttributedString *attr52 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str52 attributes:dictAttr52];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr52];
代码语言:javascript复制NSString *str53 = @"n设置删除线为细单实线,颜色为红色";
NSDictionary *dictAttr53 = @{NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName:@(NSUnderlineStyleDouble),NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName:[UIColor redColor]};
NSAttributedString *attr53 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str53 attributes:dictAttr53];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr53];
代码语言:javascript复制NSString *str54 = @"n设置删除线为细单虚线,颜色为红色";
NSDictionary *dictAttr54 = @{NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName:@(NSUnderlineStyleSingle|NSUnderlinePatternDot),NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName:[UIColor redColor]};
NSAttributedString *attr54 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str54 attributes:dictAttr54];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr54];
设置笔画宽度和填充颜色
代码语言:javascript复制/*!
NSStrokeWidthAttributeName 设置笔画的宽度,取值为NSNumber对象(整数),负值填充效果,正值是中空效果。NSStrokeColorAttributeName 设置填充部分颜色,取值为UIColor对象。
设置中间部分颜色可以使用 NSForegroundColorAttributeName 属性来进行
*/
NSString *str6 = @"设置笔画宽度和填充颜色n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr6 = @{NSStrokeWidthAttributeName:@(2),NSStrokeColorAttributeName:[UIColor blueColor]};
NSAttributedString *attr6 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str6 attributes:dictAttr6];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr6];
设置阴影属性
代码语言:javascript复制NSString *str7 = @"设置阴影属性n";
NSShadow *shadow = [[NSShadow alloc]init];
shadow.shadowColor = [UIColor redColor];
shadow.shadowBlurRadius = 1.0f;
shadow.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(1, 1);
NSDictionary *dictAttr7 = @{NSShadowAttributeName:shadow};
NSAttributedString *attr7 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str7 attributes:dictAttr7];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr7];
设置文本特殊效果
代码语言:javascript复制//设置文本特殊效果,取值为NSString类型,目前只有一个可用效果
//NSTextEffectLetterpressStyle(凸版印刷效果)
NSString *str8 = @"设置特殊效果n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr8 = @{NSTextEffectAttributeName:NSTextEffectLetterpressStyle};
NSAttributedString *attr8 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str8 attributes:dictAttr8];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr8];
图文混排
代码语言:javascript复制//聊天的表情文字混排
//设置文本附件,取值为NSTextAttachment对象,常用于文字的图文混排
NSString *str9 = @"文字的图文混排n";
NSTextAttachment *textAttachment = [[NSTextAttachment alloc]init];
textAttachment.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"logo.png"];
textAttachment.bounds = CGRectMake(0, 0, 30, 30);
NSDictionary *dictAttr9 = @{NSAttachmentAttributeName:textAttachment};
NSAttributedString *attr9 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str9 attributes:dictAttr9];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr9];
添加下划线
代码语言:javascript复制/*!
添加下划线 NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName。设置下划线的颜色 NSUnderlineColorAttributeName,对象为 UIColor。使用方式同删除线一样。
*/
NSString *str10 = @"添加下划线n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr10 = @{NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:@(NSUnderlineStyleSingle),NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:[UIColor redColor]};
NSAttributedString *attr10 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str10 attributes:dictAttr10];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr10];
设置基线偏移值
代码语言:javascript复制/*!
NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName 设置基线偏移值
取值为NSNumber (float),正值上偏,负值下偏
*/
NSString *str11 = @"添加基线偏移值n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr11 = @{NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName:@(-10)};
NSAttributedString *attr11 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str11 attributes:dictAttr11];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr11];
设置字体倾斜度
代码语言:javascript复制/*!
NSObliquenessAttributeName 设置字体倾斜度
取值为 NSNumber(float),正值右倾,负值左倾
*/
NSString *str12 = @"设置字体倾斜度n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr12 = @{NSObliquenessAttributeName:@(0.5)};
NSAttributedString *attr12 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str12 attributes:dictAttr12];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr12];
设置字体的横向拉伸
代码语言:javascript复制/*!
NSExpansionAttributeName 设置字体的横向拉伸,取值为NSNumber (float),正值拉伸 ,负值压缩
*/
NSString *str13 = @"设置字体横向拉伸n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr13 = @{NSExpansionAttributeName:@(0.5)};
NSAttributedString *attr13 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str13 attributes:dictAttr13];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr13];
设置文字的书写方向
代码语言:javascript复制/*!
NSWritingDirectionAttributeName 设置文字的书写方向,取值为以下组合
@[@(NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight | NSWritingDirectionEmbedding)]
@[@(NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight | NSWritingDirectionOverride)]
@[@(NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft | NSWritingDirectionEmbedding)]
@[@(NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft | NSWritingDirectionOverride)]
*/
NSString *str14 = @"设置文字书写方向n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr14 = @{NSWritingDirectionAttributeName:@[@(NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft | NSWritingDirectionEmbedding)]};
NSAttributedString *attr14 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str14 attributes:dictAttr14];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr14];
设置文字排版方向
代码语言:javascript复制/*!
NSVerticalGlyphFormAttributeName 设置文字排版方向
取值为NSNumber对象(整数),0表示横排文本,1表示竖排文本 在iOS中只支持0
*/
NSString *str15 = @"设置文字排版方向n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr15 = @{NSVerticalGlyphFormAttributeName:@(0)};
NSAttributedString *attr15 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str15 attributes:dictAttr15];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr15];
设置段落样式
代码语言:javascript复制//段落样式
NSMutableParagraphStyle *paragraph = [[NSMutableParagraphStyle alloc]init];
//行间距
paragraph.lineSpacing = 10;
//段落间距
paragraph.paragraphSpacing = 20;
//对齐方式
paragraph.alignment = NSTextAlignmentLeft;
//指定段落开始的缩进像素
paragraph.firstLineHeadIndent = 30;
//调整全部文字的缩进像素
paragraph.headIndent = 10;
//添加段落设置
[attributedString addAttribute:NSParagraphStyleAttributeName value:paragraph range:NSMakeRange(0, attributedString.length)];
应用
代码语言:javascript复制UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(60, 100, 300, 0)];
label.backgroundColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];
//自动换行
label.numberOfLines = 0;
//设置label的富文本
label.attributedText = attributedString;
//label高度自适应
[label sizeToFit];
[self.view addSubview:label];
OC使用之超链接
之所以把 NSLinkAttributeName
属性单独列出来,是因为在 UILabel
和 UITextField
中是无法使用该属性的。
更准确点说是在UILabel
和 UITextField
中无法实现点击链接启动浏览器打开一个URL地址,因为在此过程中用到了一个代理函数。只能用在 UITextView
中。
NSLinkAttributeName
的对象是 NSURL
类型 或 NSString
,但是优先使用 NSURL
。
需要实现UITextView
的代理方法
- (BOOL)textView:(UITextView *)textView shouldInteractWithURL:(NSURL *)URL inRange:(NSRange)characterRange
,
在该方法中,返回 YES
,则会打开URL地址,返回 NO
则不会。
设置方式一
将全部文字设置为链接(可点击)
代码语言:javascript复制NSDictionary *dictAttr = @{NSLinkAttributeName:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.jianshu.com"]};
NSAttributedString *attrStr = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:@"简书" attributes:dictAttr];
textView.attributedText = attrStr;
设置方式二
将部分文字设置为链接
代码语言:javascript复制NSString *str = @"跳转到简书";
NSMutableAttributedString *attrStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str];
[attrStr addAttribute:NSLinkAttributeName value:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.jianshu.com"] range:[str rangeOfString:@"简书"]];
textView.attributedText = attrStr;
代理回调方法
代码语言:javascript复制- (BOOL)textView:(UITextView *)textView shouldInteractWithURL:(NSURL *)URL inRange:(NSRange)characterRange
{
//在这里是可以做一些判定什么的,用来确定对应的操作。
return YES;
}
注意:
- 实现
textView
的代理,否则调不到回调方法。 - 设置
textView
的editable
属性为NO
,在可编辑的状态下是不可点击的。 - 在模拟器环境下一直无法点击,在真机上是正常的,不知道是不是模拟器不支持。
OC代码 原文地址