安利一个github上面的一个神级库thefuck，Linux命令敲错了，没关系，自动纠正你的命令

2019-10-23 16:12:16 浏览数 (2)

没错就是这么神奇，名字相当噶性，thefuck。当你命令输入错误不要怕，直接来一句fuck，自动纠正你输入的命令。

在你输入错误的命令的时候，忍俊不禁的想来一句fuck，没错你不仅可以嘴上说，命令里面可以可以来一下，他丫的就矫正了。

保证原汁原味，直接上原文。

这是库的地址https://github.com/nvbn/thefuck

The Fuck 

The Fuck is a magnificent app, inspired by a @liamosaur tweet, that corrects errors in previous console commands.

Is The Fuck too slow? Try the experimental instant mode!

More examples:

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➜ apt-get install vim
E: Could not open lock file /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (13: Permission denied)
E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), are you root?

➜ fuck
sudo apt-get install vim [enter/↑/↓/ctrl c]
[sudo] password for nvbn:
Reading package lists... Done
...
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➜ git push
fatal: The current branch master has no upstream branch.
To push the current branch and set the remote as upstream, use

    git push --set-upstream origin master


➜ fuck
git push --set-upstream origin master [enter/↑/↓/ctrl c]
Counting objects: 9, done.
...
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➜ puthon
No command 'puthon' found, did you mean:
 Command 'python' from package 'python-minimal' (main)
 Command 'python' from package 'python3' (main)
zsh: command not found: puthon

➜ fuck
python [enter/↑/↓/ctrl c]
Python 3.4.2 (default, Oct  8 2014, 13:08:17)
...
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➜ git brnch
git: 'brnch' is not a git command. See 'git --help'.

Did you mean this?
    branch

➜ fuck
git branch [enter/↑/↓/ctrl c]
* master
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➜ lein rpl
'rpl' is not a task. See 'lein help'.

Did you mean this?
         repl

➜ fuck
lein repl [enter/↑/↓/ctrl c]
nREPL server started on port 54848 on host 127.0.0.1 - nrepl://127.0.0.1:54848
REPL-y 0.3.1
...

If you're not afraid of blindly running corrected commands, the require_confirmation settings option can be disabled:

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➜ apt-get install vim
E: Could not open lock file /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (13: Permission denied)
E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), are you root?

➜ fuck
sudo apt-get install vim
[sudo] password for nvbn:
Reading package lists... Done
...

Requirements

  • python (3.4 )
  • pip
  • python-dev

Installation

On OS X, you can install The Fuck via Homebrew (or via Linuxbrew on Linux):

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brew install thefuck

On Ubuntu / Mint, install The Fuck with the following commands:

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sudo apt update
sudo apt install python3-dev python3-pip python3-setuptools
sudo pip3 install thefuck

On FreeBSD, install The Fuck with the following commands:

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pkg install thefuck

On ChromeOS, install The Fuck using chromebrew with the following command:

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crew install thefuck

On other systems, install The Fuck by using pip:

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pip install thefuck

Alternatively, you may use an OS package manager (OS X, Ubuntu, Arch).

# It is recommended that you place this command in your .bash_profile, .bashrc, .zshrc or other startup script:

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eval $(thefuck --alias)
# You can use whatever you want as an alias, like for Mondays:
eval $(thefuck --alias FUCK)

Or in your shell config (Bash, Zsh, Fish, Powershell, tcsh).

Changes are only available in a new shell session. To make changes immediately available, run source ~/.bashrc (or your shell config file like .zshrc).

To run fixed commands without confirmation, use the --yeah option (or just -y for short, or --hard if you're especially frustrated):

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fuck --yeah

To fix commands recursively until succeeding, use the -r option:

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fuck -r

Updating

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pip3 install thefuck --upgrade

Note: Alias functionality was changed in v1.34 of The Fuck

How it works

The Fuck attempts to match the previous command with a rule. If a match is found, a new command is created using the matched rule and executed. The following rules are enabled by default:

  • adb_unknown_command – fixes misspelled commands like adb logcta;
  • ag_literal – adds -Q to ag when suggested;
  • aws_cli – fixes misspelled commands like aws dynamdb scan;
  • az_cli – fixes misspelled commands like az providers;
  • cargo – runs cargo build instead of cargo;
  • cargo_no_command – fixes wrongs commands like cargo buid;
  • cat_dir – replaces cat with ls when you try to cat a directory;
  • cd_correction – spellchecks and correct failed cd commands;
  • cd_mkdir – creates directories before cd'ing into them;
  • cd_parent – changes cd.. to cd ..;
  • chmod_x – add execution bit;
  • composer_not_command – fixes composer command name;
  • cp_omitting_directory – adds -a when you cp directory;
  • cpp11 – adds missing -std=c 11 to g  or clang ;
  • dirty_untar – fixes tar x command that untarred in the current directory;
  • dirty_unzip – fixes unzip command that unzipped in the current directory;
  • django_south_ghost – adds --delete-ghost-migrations to failed because ghosts django south migration;
  • django_south_merge – adds --merge to inconsistent django south migration;
  • docker_login – executes a docker login and repeats the previous command;
  • docker_not_command – fixes wrong docker commands like docker tags;
  • docker_image_being_used_by_container ‐ removes the container that is using the image before removing the image;
  • dry – fixes repetitions like git git push;
  • fab_command_not_found – fix misspelled fabric commands;
  • fix_alt_space – replaces Alt Space with Space character;
  • fix_file – opens a file with an error in your $EDITOR;
  • gem_unknown_command – fixes wrong gem commands;
  • git_add – fixes "pathspec 'foo' did not match any file(s) known to git.";
  • git_add_force – adds --force to git add <pathspec>... when paths are .gitignore'd;
  • git_bisect_usage – fixes git bisect strt, git bisect goood, git bisect rset, etc. when bisecting;
  • git_branch_delete – changes git branch -d to git branch -D;
  • git_branch_exists – offers git branch -d foo, git branch -D foo or git checkout foo when creating a branch that already exists;
  • git_branch_list – catches git branch list in place of git branch and removes created branch;
  • git_checkout – fixes branch name or creates new branch;
  • git_commit_amend – offers git commit --amend after previous commit;
  • git_commit_reset – offers git reset HEAD~ after previous commit;
  • git_diff_no_index – adds --no-index to previous git diff on untracked files;
  • git_diff_staged – adds --staged to previous git diff with unexpected output;
  • git_fix_stash – fixes git stash commands (misspelled subcommand and missing save);
  • git_flag_after_filename – fixes fatal: bad flag '...' after filename
  • git_help_aliased – fixes git help <alias> commands replacing with the aliased command;
  • git_merge – adds remote to branch names;
  • git_merge_unrelated – adds --allow-unrelated-histories when required
  • git_not_command – fixes wrong git commands like git brnch;
  • git_pull – sets upstream before executing previous git pull;
  • git_pull_clone – clones instead of pulling when the repo does not exist;
  • git_pull_uncommitted_changes – stashes changes before pulling and pops them afterwards;
  • git_push – adds --set-upstream origin $branch to previous failed git push;
  • git_push_different_branch_names – fixes pushes when local brach name does not match remote branch name;
  • git_push_pull – runs git pull when push was rejected;
  • git_push_without_commits – Creates an initial commit if you forget and only git add ., when setting up a new project;
  • git_rebase_no_changes – runs git rebase --skip instead of git rebase --continue when there are no changes;
  • git_remote_delete – replaces git remote delete remote_name with git remote remove remote_name;
  • git_rm_local_modifications – adds -f or --cached when you try to rm a locally modified file;
  • git_rm_recursive – adds -r when you try to rm a directory;
  • git_rm_staged – adds -f or --cached when you try to rm a file with staged changes
  • git_rebase_merge_dir – offers git rebase (--continue | --abort | --skip) or removing the .git/rebase-merge dir when a rebase is in progress;
  • git_remote_seturl_add – runs git remote add when git remote set_url on nonexistant remote;
  • git_stash – stashes your local modifications before rebasing or switching branch;
  • git_stash_pop – adds your local modifications before popping stash, then resets;
  • git_tag_force – adds --force to git tag <tagname> when the tag already exists;
  • git_two_dashes – adds a missing dash to commands like git commit -amend or git rebase -continue;
  • go_run – appends .go extension when compiling/running Go programs;
  • go_unknown_command – fixes wrong go commands, for example go bulid;
  • gradle_no_task – fixes not found or ambiguous gradle task;
  • gradle_wrapper – replaces gradle with ./gradlew;
  • grep_arguments_order – fixes grep arguments order for situations like grep -lir . test;
  • grep_recursive – adds -r when you try to grep directory;
  • grunt_task_not_found – fixes misspelled grunt commands;
  • gulp_not_task – fixes misspelled gulp tasks;
  • has_exists_script – prepends ./ when script/binary exists;
  • heroku_multiple_apps – add --app <app> to heroku commands like heroku pg;
  • heroku_not_command – fixes wrong heroku commands like heroku log;
  • history – tries to replace command with most similar command from history;
  • hostscli – tries to fix hostscli usage;
  • ifconfig_device_not_found – fixes wrong device names like wlan0 to wlp2s0;
  • java – removes .java extension when running Java programs;
  • javac – appends missing .java when compiling Java files;
  • lein_not_task – fixes wrong lein tasks like lein rpl;
  • long_form_help – changes -h to --help when the short form version is not supported
  • ln_no_hard_link – catches hard link creation on directories, suggest symbolic link;
  • ln_s_order – fixes ln -s arguments order;
  • ls_all – adds -A to ls when output is empty;
  • ls_lah – adds -lah to ls;
  • man – changes manual section;
  • man_no_space – fixes man commands without spaces, for example mandiff;
  • mercurial – fixes wrong hg commands;
  • missing_space_before_subcommand – fixes command with missing space like npminstall;
  • mkdir_p – adds -p when you try to create a directory without parent;
  • mvn_no_command – adds clean package to mvn;
  • mvn_unknown_lifecycle_phase – fixes misspelled lifecycle phases with mvn;
  • npm_missing_script – fixes npm custom script name in npm run-script <script>;
  • npm_run_script – adds missing run-script for custom npm scripts;
  • npm_wrong_command – fixes wrong npm commands like npm urgrade;
  • no_command – fixes wrong console commands, for example vom/vim;
  • no_such_file – creates missing directories with mv and cp commands;
  • open – either prepends http:// to address passed to open or create a new file or directory and passes it to open;
  • pip_install – fixes permission issues with pip install commands by adding --user or prepending sudo if necessary;
  • pip_unknown_command – fixes wrong pip commands, for example pip instatl/pip install;
  • php_s – replaces -s by -S when trying to run a local php server;
  • port_already_in_use – kills process that bound port;
  • prove_recursively – adds -r when called with directory;
  • pyenv_no_such_command – fixes wrong pyenv commands like pyenv isntall or pyenv list;
  • python_command – prepends python when you try to run non-executable/without ./ python script;
  • python_execute – appends missing .py when executing Python files;
  • quotation_marks – fixes uneven usage of ' and " when containing args';
  • path_from_history – replaces not found path with similar absolute path from history;
  • react_native_command_unrecognized – fixes unrecognized react-native commands;
  • remove_trailing_cedilla – remove trailling cedillas ç, a common typo for european keyboard layouts;
  • rm_dir – adds -rf when you try to remove a directory;
  • scm_correction – corrects wrong scm like hg log to git log;
  • sed_unterminated_s – adds missing '/' to sed's s commands;
  • sl_ls – changes sl to ls;
  • ssh_known_hosts – removes host from known_hosts on warning;
  • sudo – prepends sudo to previous command if it failed because of permissions;
  • sudo_command_from_user_path – runs commands from users $PATH with sudo;
  • switch_lang – switches command from your local layout to en;
  • systemctl – correctly orders parameters of confusing systemctl;
  • terraform_init.py – run terraform init before plan or apply;
  • test.py – runs py.test instead of test.py;
  • touch – creates missing directories before "touching";
  • tsuru_login – runs tsuru login if not authenticated or session expired;
  • tsuru_not_command – fixes wrong tsuru commands like tsuru shell;
  • tmux – fixes tmux commands;
  • unknown_command – fixes hadoop hdfs-style "unknown command", for example adds missing '-' to the command on hdfs dfs ls;
  • unsudo – removes sudo from previous command if a process refuses to run on super user privilege.
  • vagrant_up – starts up the vagrant instance;
  • whois – fixes whois command;
  • workon_doesnt_exists – fixes virtualenvwrapper env name os suggests to create new.
  • yarn_alias – fixes aliased yarn commands like yarn ls;
  • yarn_command_not_found – fixes misspelled yarn commands;
  • yarn_command_replaced – fixes replaced yarn commands;
  • yarn_help – makes it easier to open yarn documentation;

The following rules are enabled by default on specific platforms only:

  • apt_get – installs app from apt if it not installed (requires python-commandnotfound / python3-commandnotfound);
  • apt_get_search – changes trying to search using apt-get with searching using apt-cache;
  • apt_invalid_operation – fixes invalid apt and apt-get calls, like apt-get isntall vim;
  • apt_list_upgradable – helps you run apt list --upgradable after apt update;
  • apt_upgrade – helps you run apt upgrade after apt list --upgradable;
  • brew_cask_dependency – installs cask dependencies;
  • brew_install – fixes formula name for brew install;
  • brew_reinstall – turns brew install <formula> into brew reinstall <formula>;
  • brew_link – adds --overwrite --dry-run if linking fails;
  • brew_uninstall – adds --force to brew uninstall if multiple versions were installed;
  • brew_unknown_command – fixes wrong brew commands, for example brew docto/brew doctor;
  • brew_update_formula – turns brew update <formula> into brew upgrade <formula>;
  • dnf_no_such_command – fixes mistyped DNF commands;
  • nixos_cmd_not_found – installs apps on NixOS;
  • pacman – installs app with pacman if it is not installed (uses yay or yaourt if available);
  • pacman_not_found – fixes package name with pacman, yay or yaourt.
  • yum_invalid_operation – fixes invalid yum calls, like yum isntall vim;

The following commands are bundled with The Fuck, but are not enabled by default:

  • git_push_force – adds --force-with-lease to a git push (may conflict with git_push_pull);
  • rm_root – adds --no-preserve-root to rm -rf / command.

Creating your own rules

To add your own rule, create a file named your-rule-name.py in ~/.config/thefuck/rules. The rule file must contain two functions:

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match(command: Command) -> bool
get_new_command(command: Command) -> str | list[str]

Additionally, rules can contain optional functions:

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side_effect(old_command: Command, fixed_command: str) -> None

Rules can also contain the optional variables enabled_by_default, requires_output and priority.

Command has three attributes: script, output and script_parts. Your rule should not change Command.

Rules api changed in 3.0: To access a rule's settings, import it with from thefuck.conf import settings

settings is a special object assembled from ~/.config/thefuck/settings.py, and values from env (see more below).

A simple example rule for running a script with sudo:

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def match(command):
    return ('permission denied' in command.output.lower()
            or 'EACCES' in command.output)


def get_new_command(command):
    return 'sudo {}'.format(command.script)

# Optional:
enabled_by_default = True

def side_effect(command, fixed_command):
    subprocess.call('chmod 777 .', shell=True)

priority = 1000  # Lower first, default is 1000

requires_output = True

More examples of rules, utility functions for rules, app/os-specific helpers.

Settings

Several The Fuck parameters can be changed in the file $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/thefuck/settings.py ($XDG_CONFIG_HOME defaults to ~/.config):

  • rules – list of enabled rules, by default thefuck.conf.DEFAULT_RULES;
  • exclude_rules – list of disabled rules, by default [];
  • require_confirmation – requires confirmation before running new command, by default True;
  • wait_command – max amount of time in seconds for getting previous command output;
  • no_colors – disable colored output;
  • priority – dict with rules priorities, rule with lower priority will be matched first;
  • debug – enables debug output, by default False;
  • history_limit – numeric value of how many history commands will be scanned, like 2000;
  • alter_history – push fixed command to history, by default True;
  • wait_slow_command – max amount of time in seconds for getting previous command output if it in slow_commands list;
  • slow_commands – list of slow commands;
  • num_close_matches – maximum number of close matches to suggest, by default 3.

An example of settings.py:

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rules = ['sudo', 'no_command']
exclude_rules = ['git_push']
require_confirmation = True
wait_command = 10
no_colors = False
priority = {'sudo': 100, 'no_command': 9999}
debug = False
history_limit = 9999
wait_slow_command = 20
slow_commands = ['react-native', 'gradle']
num_close_matches = 5

Or via environment variables:

  • THEFUCK_RULES – list of enabled rules, like DEFAULT_RULES:rm_root or sudo:no_command;
  • THEFUCK_EXCLUDE_RULES – list of disabled rules, like git_pull:git_push;
  • THEFUCK_REQUIRE_CONFIRMATION – require confirmation before running new command, true/false;
  • THEFUCK_WAIT_COMMAND – max amount of time in seconds for getting previous command output;
  • THEFUCK_NO_COLORS – disable colored output, true/false;
  • THEFUCK_PRIORITY – priority of the rules, like no_command=9999:apt_get=100, rule with lower priority will be matched first;
  • THEFUCK_DEBUG – enables debug output, true/false;
  • THEFUCK_HISTORY_LIMIT – how many history commands will be scanned, like 2000;
  • THEFUCK_ALTER_HISTORY – push fixed command to history true/false;
  • THEFUCK_WAIT_SLOW_COMMAND – max amount of time in seconds for getting previous command output if it in slow_commands list;
  • THEFUCK_SLOW_COMMANDS – list of slow commands, like lein:gradle;
  • THEFUCK_NUM_CLOSE_MATCHES – maximum number of close matches to suggest, like 5.

For example:

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export THEFUCK_RULES='sudo:no_command'
export THEFUCK_EXCLUDE_RULES='git_pull:git_push'
export THEFUCK_REQUIRE_CONFIRMATION='true'
export THEFUCK_WAIT_COMMAND=10
export THEFUCK_NO_COLORS='false'
export THEFUCK_PRIORITY='no_command=9999:apt_get=100'
export THEFUCK_HISTORY_LIMIT='2000'
export THEFUCK_NUM_CLOSE_MATCHES='5'

Third-party packages with rules

If you'd like to make a specific set of non-public rules, but would still like to share them with others, create a package named thefuck_contrib_* with the following structure:

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thefuck_contrib_foo
  thefuck_contrib_foo
    rules
      __init__.py
      *third-party rules*
    __init__.py
    *third-party-utils*
  setup.py

The Fuck will find rules located in the rules module.

Experimental instant mode

The default behavior of The Fuck requires time to re-run previous commands. When in instant mode, The Fuck saves time by logging output with script, then reading the log.

Currently, instant mode only supports Python 3 with bash or zsh. zsh's autocorrect function also needs to be disabled in order for thefuck to work properly.

To enable instant mode, add --enable-experimental-instant-mode to the alias initialization in .bashrc, .bash_profile or .zshrc.

For example:

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eval $(thefuck --alias --enable-experimental-instant-mode)

Developing

See CONTRIBUTING.md

License MIT

Project License can be found here.

git grunt apt-get macos bash

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