@toc
10.12两个新的生命周期钩子
<font color='red'>注意点1：</font>
最开始我们学习使用的是mounted和beforeDestroy的钩子函数，但是在路由组件由News切换成Messgae时被切换的组件并没有销毁，如图1，而使用activated和deactivated钩子函数正确展示结果如图2
<center>图1</center>
<center>图2</center>
案例：将案例改为“使用两个新的生命周期钩子”
完整代码
完整项目路径
代码语言：java复制main.js
//引入Vue
import Vue from 'vue'
//引入App
import App from './App.vue'
//引入VueRouter
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
//引入路由器
import router from './router'
//关闭Vue的生产提示
Vue.config.productionTip = false
//应用插件
Vue.use(VueRouter)
//创建vm
new Vue({
el:'#app',
render: h => h(App),
router:router
})代码语言：java复制App.vue
<template>
<div>
<div class="row">
<Banner/>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-xs-2 col-xs-offset-2">
<div class="list-group">
<!-- 原始html中我们使用a标签实现页面的跳转 -->
<!-- <a class="list-group-item active" href="./about.html">About</a> -->
<!-- <a class="list-group-item" href="./home.html">Home</a> -->
<!-- Vue中借助router-link标签实现路由的切换 -->
<router-link class="list-group-item" active-class="active" to="/about">About</router-link>
<router-link class="list-group-item" active-class="active" to="/home">Home</router-link>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-xs-6">
<div class="panel">
<div class="panel-body">
<!-- 指定组件的呈现位置 -->
<router-view></router-view>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import Banner from './components/Banner'
export default {
name:'App',
components:{Banner}
}
</script>代码语言：java复制index.js
// 该文件专门用于创建整个应用的路由器
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
//引入组件
import About from '../pages/About'
import Home from '../pages/Home'
import News from '../pages/News'
import Message from '../pages/Message'
import Detail from '../pages/Detail'
//创建并暴露一个路由器
export default new VueRouter({
routes:[
{
name:'guanyu',
path:'/about',
component:About
},
{
path:'/home',
component:Home,
children:[
{
path:'news',
component:News,
},
{
path:'message',
component:Message,
children:[
{
name:'xiangqing',
path:'detail',
component:Detail,
//props的第一种写法，值为对象，该对象中的所有key-value都会以props的形式传给Detail组件。
// props:{a:1,b:'hello'}
//props的第二种写法，值为布尔值，若布尔值为真，就会把该路由组件收到的所有params参数，以props的形式传给Detail组件。
// props:true
//props的第三种写法，值为函数
props($route){
return {
id:$route.query.id,
title:$route.query.title,
a:1,
b:'hello'
}
}
}
]
}
]
}
]
})代码语言：java复制About.vue
<template>
<h2>我是About的内容</h2>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'About',
/* beforeDestroy() {
console.log('About组件即将被销毁了')
},*/
/* mounted() {
console.log('About组件挂载完毕了',this)
window.aboutRoute = this.$route
window.aboutRouter = this.$router
}, */
}
</script>代码语言：java复制Home.vue
<template>
<div>
<h2>Home组件内容</h2>
<div>
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li>
<router-link class="list-group-item" active-class="active" to="/home/news">News</router-link>
</li>
<li>
<router-link class="list-group-item" active-class="active" to="/home/message">Message</router-link>
</li>
</ul>
<!-- 缓存多个路由组件 -->
<!-- <keep-alive :include="['News','Message']"> -->
<!-- 缓存一个路由组件 -->
<keep-alive include="News">
<router-view></router-view>
</keep-alive>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'Home',
/* beforeDestroy() {
console.log('Home组件即将被销毁了')
}, */
/* mounted() {
console.log('Home组件挂载完毕了',this)
window.homeRoute = this.$route
window.homeRouter = this.$router
}, */
}
</script>代码语言：java复制News.vue
<template>
<ul>
<li :style="{opacity}">欢迎学习Vue</li>
<li>news001 <input type="text"></li>
<li>news002 <input type="text"></li>
<li>news003 <input type="text"></li>
</ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'News',
data() {
return {
opacity:1
}
},
// beforeDestroy() {
// console.log('News组件即将被销毁了')
// clearInterval(this.timer)
// },
// mounted(){
// this.timer = setInterval(() => {
// console.log('@')
// this.opacity -= 0.01
// if(this.opacity <= 0) this.opacity = 1
// },16)
// },
activated() {
console.log('News组件被激活了')
this.timer = setInterval(() => {
console.log('@')
this.opacity -= 0.01
if(this.opacity <= 0) this.opacity = 1
},16)
},
deactivated() {
console.log('News组件失活了')
clearInterval(this.timer)
},
}
</script>代码语言：java复制Message.vue
<template>
<div>
<ul>
<li v-for="m in messageList" :key="m.id">
<!-- 跳转路由并携带params参数，to的字符串写法 -->
<!-- <router-link :to="`/home/message/detail/${m.id}/${m.title}`">{{m.title}}</router-link> -->
<!-- 跳转路由并携带params参数，to的对象写法 -->
<router-link :to="{
name:'xiangqing',
query:{
id:m.id,
title:m.title
}
}">
{{m.title}}
</router-link>
<button @click="pushShow(m)">push查看</button>
<button @click="replaceShow(m)">replace查看</button>
</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<router-view></router-view>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'Message',
data() {
return {
messageList:[
{id:'001',title:'消息001'},
{id:'002',title:'消息002'},
{id:'003',title:'消息003'}
]
}
},
methods: {
pushShow(m){
this.$router.push({
name:'xiangqing',
query:{
id:m.id,
title:m.title
}
})
},
replaceShow(m){
this.$router.replace({
name:'xiangqing',
query:{
id:m.id,
title:m.title
}
})
}
},
beforeDestroy() {
console.log('Message组件即将被销毁了')
},
}
</script>代码语言：java复制Detail.vue
<template>
<ul>
<li>消息编号：{{id}}</li>
<li>消息标题：{{title}}</li>
</ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'Detail',
props:['id','title'],
computed: {
// id(){
// return this.$route.query.id
// },
// title(){
// return this.$route.query.title
// },
},
mounted() {
// console.log(this.$route)
},
}
</script>代码语言：java复制Banner.vue
<template>
<div class="col-xs-offset-2 col-xs-8">
<div class="page-header">
<h2>Vue Router Demo</h2>
<button @click="back">后退</button>
<button @click="forward">前进</button>
<button @click="test">测试一下go</button>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'Banner',
methods: {
back(){
this.$router.back()
// console.log(this.$router)
},
forward(){
this.$router.forward()
},
test(){
this.$router.go(3)
}
},
}
</script>代码语言：java复制Index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<!-- 针对IE浏览器的一个特殊配置，含义是让IE浏览器以最高的渲染级别渲染页面 -->
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<!-- 开启移动端的理想视口 -->
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 配置页签图标 -->
<link rel="icon" href="<%= BASE_URL %>favicon.ico">
<!-- 引入第三方样式-->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="<%= BASE_URL %>css/bootstrap.css">
<!-- 配置网页标题-->
<title><%= htmlWebpackPlugin.options.title %></title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- 当浏览器不支持js时noscript中的元素就会被渲染 -->
<noscript>
<strong>We're sorry but <%= htmlWebpackPlugin.options.title %> doesn't work properly without JavaScript enabled. Please enable it to continue.</strong>
</noscript>
<!-- 容器 -->
<div id="app"></div>
<!-- built files will be auto injected -->
</body>
</html>bootstrap.css网上搜一个拷贝进来，这个上前行代码就不拷贝过来了
结果展示：
本人其他相关文章链接
1.《vue2进阶篇：路由》第10章：vue-router，包括基础路由、嵌套路由、路由的query参数和params参数、命名路由、router-link的replace属性、编程式路由、缓存路由组件
2.vue2进阶篇：安装路由
3.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之基础路由
4.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之嵌套（多级）路由
5.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之路由的query参数
6.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之命名路由
7.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之路由的params参数
8.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之路由的props配置
9.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之router-link的replace属性
10.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之编程式路由导航
11.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之缓存路由组件
12.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之两个新的生命周期钩子
13.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之使用“全局路由守卫”
14.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之“使用独享路由守卫”
15.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之“使用组件内路由守卫”
16.vue2进阶篇：vue-router之路由的2种工作模式
