安装MySQL
请参考LAMP的操作,此处不多加赘述
安装PHP
Nginx的PHP安装和LAMP环境搭建中的PHP安装是有区别的。因为Nginx中的PHP是以fastcgi的方式结合Nginx的,而httpd是把PHP作为自己的模块来调用的。
我这里还是使用LAMP中的源代码地址进行下载的。其中下载和解压的过程请参考LAMP环境搭建的命令。
创建账号,来运行php-fpm服务
代码语言:javascript复制# useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm
进行编译,此处和LAMP环境搭建是有区别的,多了--enable-fpm
./configure
--prefix=/usr/local/php-fpm
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-fpm/etc
--enable-fpm
--with-fpm-user=php-fpm
--with-fpm-group=php-fpm
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
--with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock
--with-libxml-dir
--with-gd
--with-jpeg-dir
--with-png-dir
--with-freetype-dir
--with-iconv-dir
--with-zlib-dir
--with-mcrypt
--enable-soap
--enable-gd-native-ttf
--enable-ftp
--enable-mbstring
--enable-exif
--disable-ipv6
--with-pear
--with-curl
--with-openssl
执行上述命令可能会出现下面的报错:
代码语言:javascript复制错误1:configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -
easy.h should be in <curl-dir>/include/curl/
解决办法:
代码语言:javascript复制# yum install -y libcurl-devel
重新编译:make
错误2:/usr/bin/ld: TSRM/.libs/TSRM.o: undefined reference to symbol 'pthread_sigmask@@GLIBC_2.2.5'
/usr/lib64/libpthread.so.0: error adding symbols: DSO missing from command line
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [sapi/cli/php] 错误 1
解决办法:
代码语言:javascript复制# vim Makefile
搜索-lcrypt在其后面加上 -lpthread
代码语言:javascript复制错误3:collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [sapi/cli/php] 错误 1
解决办法:
代码语言:javascript复制# make clean && make
问题到这里就可以编译成功进行安装了!
代码语言:javascript复制# make install
修改配置文件:
代码语言:javascript复制# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf
把下面的内容填入到该文件中:
代码语言:javascript复制[global]
pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log
[www]
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
listen.mode = 666
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
保存配置文件后,检验配置是否正确
代码语言:javascript复制# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t
出现下面的test is successful,代表配置正确
代码语言:javascript复制[03-Sep-2018 15:46:38] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful
启动php-fpm:
代码语言:javascript复制# cp /usr/local/src/php-5.6.32/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm# service php-fpm start
出现下面字样代表成功!
代码语言:javascript复制Starting php-fpm done
设置开机启动
代码语言:javascript复制# chkconfig php-fpm on
查看php-fpm是否启动的命令如下:
代码语言:javascript复制# ps aux | grep php-fpm
下载Nginx源码包并解压:
代码语言:javascript复制# cd /usr/local/src/
# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz# tar zxvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
配置编译选项并安装:
代码语言:javascript复制# cd nginx-1.8.0/
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx# make && make install
编写Nginx的启动脚本,并加入系统服务:
代码语言:javascript复制# vi /etc/init.d/nginx
代码语言:javascript复制//脚本文件内容#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx SettingsNGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"start()
{
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}stop()
{
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}reload()
{
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}restart()
{
stop
start
}configtest()
{
$NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
return 0
}case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
restart
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
RETVAL=1
esacexit $RETVAL
保存脚本后更改权限:
代码语言:javascript复制# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx# chkconfig --add nginx
加入开机启动:
代码语言:javascript复制# chkconfig nginx on
把nginx.conf的配置文件清空,并重新写入:
代码语言:javascript复制# > /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf//配置文件内容:user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 6000;
}http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
' $host "$request_uri" $status'
' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 30;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
connection_pool_size 256;
client_header_buffer_size 1k;
large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
request_pool_size 4k;
output_buffers 4 32k;
postpone_output 1460;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
tcp_nodelay on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm
application/xml; server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /usr/local/nginx/html; location ~ .php$
{
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
}
检验配置是否正确:
代码语言:javascript复制# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
显示test is successful
代表配置正确
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
开启Nginx服务
代码语言:javascript复制//注意:apache服务不可同时打开,否则有报错# service nginx start
正确开启服务,出现的现象:
代码语言:javascript复制# service nginx start
Starting nginx (via systemctl): [ 确定 ]
确认Nginx的状态命令:
代码语言:javascript复制# systemctl status nginx
创建测试文件
代码语言:javascript复制# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/2.php<?php echo "test php scripts.n"
?>
检验是否解析正常:
代码语言:javascript复制```
# curl localhost/2.php
test php scripts.
Nginx配置
默认虚拟主机
代码语言:javascript复制# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf到最后一个大括号}前添加一条命令:
include vhost/*.conf;//上面那条命令是为了加载在vhost目录以conf结尾的配置文件
代码语言:javascript复制# mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost# vim default.conf//配置文件内容server
{
listen 80 default_server; //有这个标记的就是默认虚拟主机
server_name liutest.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data/nginx/default;
}
检验是否配置正确:
代码语言:javascript复制# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
出现test is successful
代表配置正确。
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
重启Nginx服务:
代码语言:javascript复制# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
创建default目录:
代码语言:javascript复制# mkdir -p /data/nginx/default
创建索引页:
代码语言:javascript复制# echo "default_server" > /data/nginx/default/index.html
检验解析是否正常:
代码语言:javascript复制# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 liutest.comdefault_server
创建一个新的虚拟主机:
代码语言:javascript复制# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/
# vim test.com.conf//配置文件内容
server
{
listen 80;
server_name test.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data/nginx/test.com; location /
{
auth_basic "Auth";
auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd;
}
}
配置文件中auth_basic
是为了打开认证,auth_basic_user_file
指定用户密码文件
安装过httpd,如果之前安装了apache 2.4可不用安装
代码语言:javascript复制# yum install -y httpd
创建用户liu
代码语言:javascript复制# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd liuNew password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user liu
检验是否配置正确:
代码语言:javascript复制# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
出现下面test is successful
代表配置正确。
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
重启Nginx服务:
代码语言:javascript复制# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
使用curl命令进行验证用户认证配置:
代码语言:javascript复制# mkdir /data/nginx/test.com
# echo "test.com" > /data/nginx/test.com/index.html
# curl -I -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com
出现下面401 Unauthorized
字样代表成功。如果你想看到图形化界面的认证方式,可以用能与之通信的window系统,配置好hosts文件,访问test.com
即可看到效果。若此处不知道如何配置,可留言。
HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized
Server: nginx/1.8.0
Date: Mon, 03 Sep 2018 12:00:15 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 194
Connection: keep-alive
WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="Auth"
由于篇幅的原因就到这里了,以后有时间再分享Nginx的更多配置:域名重定向、Nginx的访问日志、防盗链、访问控制、Nginx代理、SSL配置等等。
如果手机观看不舒服,可用电脑访问www.llyit.cn
查看