Django Rest Model 中 User 字段的插入问题

2019-08-20 11:28:49 浏览数 (3)

使用Django Rest作为后端在做的项目中,Model是这样的:

代码语言:javascript复制
class Sample(models.Model):
    ...
    creater = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    ...

Serializers是这样:

代码语言:javascript复制
class SampleSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Sample
        fields = (...,'creater')

Views是这样:

代码语言:javascript复制
class SampleList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
    queryset = Sample.objects.all()
    serializer_class = SampleSerializer
    permission_classes = (IsOwnerOrReadOnly,)

    def perform_create(self, serializer):
        ...
        serializer.save(creater=self.request.user,...)

问题是,我在执行插入的时候,总是提示:

代码语言:javascript复制
{"creater": ["This field is required."]}

百思不得其解,因为明明通过creater=self.request.user赋值了啊。 后来在Model中,将creater字段修改为

代码语言:javascript复制
creater = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True, blank=True)

问题解决。

但这是为什么呢?谷歌后发现:

The perform_create method is called by your View's create method after serializer validation. At this stage, DRF will have found and flagged the missing user field.

原来视图中的perform_create操作晚于serializer的校验。上面的代码中,perform_create前DRF已经发现creater字段的缺失。

来看看rest_framework的源码:

代码语言:javascript复制
class CreateModelMixin(object):
    """
    Create a model instance.
    """
    def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        self.perform_create(serializer)
        headers = self.get_success_headers(serializer.data)
        return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED, headers=headers)

    def perform_create(self, serializer):
        serializer.save()

    def get_success_headers(self, data):
        try:
            return {'Location': str(data[api_settings.URL_FIELD_NAME])}
        except (TypeError, KeyError):
            return {}

解决这个问题的方法有多种,除了上面的null=True, blank=True之外,还可以:

  • serializer中设置这个字段readonly=True,或
  • serializer中重载validate_user,或
  • 使用DFR的currentuserdefault校验器。

参考地址。

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