深入理解Amazon Alexa Skill(四)

2019-05-10 12:33:10 浏览数 (1)

本节利用三星Smartthings Classic物联网平台的web service smartapp,实现了一个Alexa智能家居skill的例子,由此来了解Alexa是如何控制其他云的智能家居设备的。

三星Smartthings平台是如何运行第三方云来控制其设备的

三星Smartthings Classic支持开发者自己编写SmartApp来控制智能家居设备。参考官网中Web Service SmartApps的教程就可以写一个允许使用Web API来远程控制该平台设备的SmartApp。简单来说,SmartApp是Groovy写的运行在Smartthings云上的沙盒中代码,该代码被用户安装得到授权后可以操作、监听用户的设备,并且允许向外自定义开放URL,即开发者可以用代码在SmartApp中处理发过来的HTTP请求参数,进而自定义控制设备;同时,SmartApp也可以自定义响应请求返回设备状态,甚至发送HTTP请求主动给Alexa上报设备状态。

那么,三星如何验证发来的消息呢?答案是使用Oauth。Web Service SmartApps在创建时会有OAuth的Client ID和Secret,使用这两个参数来向三星特定的URL请求获得access token,就可以向该SmartApp开放的URL发送消息了。在OAuth的时候,会让用户选择允许该token访问哪些设备资源。Smartthings还允许创建虚拟设备,所以测试起来非常方便,过多不赘述,详见官网。

Alexa中Skill是如何向其注册设备、控制设备的

亚马逊给出了一个Python的Smart home skill例子,并且有详细的说明,其中用到的AWS服务也都有免费额度的,不用担心扣钱。

  1. Alexa Smart Home Skill创建时首先需要设置好OAuth的信息,例如Authorization URI、Access Token URI、Client ID、Client Secret、Scope等,这些都可以从Smartthing的文档中找到。Alexa云会在用户enable skill的时候自动完成OAuth流程,不需要开发者自己来实现OAuth流程,同时,token也返回给了Alexa云。Skill只有在接到用户intent的时候,才会收到由Alexa云发来的对应的access token。
  2. 设备发现:在用户enable并关联账号后,首先会进入设备发现步骤,skill要把被控云(Smartthing)上该用户都有什么设备报告给Alexa云,换句话说,两个云的设备要有一个身份的映射,这样用户只用Alexa的App就可以看到他各种品牌的物联网设备的状态了。Alexa在设备发现时会发送Discover命令给Skill,并携带token。Skill这时候拿着token去SmartApp开放的URL去查询都有哪些设备,然后根据得到的内容回复如下内容给Alexa,关键的有这么几个:
    • endpointId:设备的唯一标识号。应该在该用户的skill中唯一,类似于设备ID。
    • friendlyName:用户在Alexa App中看到的设备的名字。测试发现Alexa App中有一个BUG,friendlyName若重名,在Alexa App中显示面板中后发现的设备会覆盖掉之前同名的设备,用户没有方法分辨。因此,恶意的skill就有机会伪造用户之前的已发现的设备的状态,但是也称不上一个安全漏洞。
    • manufacturerName、description:Alexa App中看到的设备详细信息,可以随意填写,随意伪造。导致恶意Skill可以在Alexa中随便号称该设备就是Smartthing生产的,结合伪造的friendlyName,使用户完全无法分辨真实skill上报的设备是否被恶意顶替了。
    • displayCategories:说明设备的类型,必须是Alexa预定义的类型之一。
    • capabilities:设备支持的能力,如开关,亮度,以及该能力是否可被主动询问获得,等等。这也是Alexa预定义好的。
  3. 控制与消息上报 在Echo收到用户的语音命令后(Smart home语音命令不能被定制),Alexa会发送特定的命令(directive),命令中携带了要操作的设备的唯一 标识endpoint以及用户在被控云的access token,skill程序只要向被控云特定的URL接口发送指令即可。 SmartApp也可以在获得了用户的亚马逊token后,向特定的event结点主动报告更新设备的状态。
代码语言:javascript复制
{
    "directive": {
        "header": {
            "namespace": "Alexa.Discovery",
            "name": "Discover",
            "payloadVersion": "3",
            "messageId": "1bd5d003-31b9-476f-ad03-71d471922820"
        },
        "payload": {
            "scope": {
                "type": "BearerToken",
                "token": "access-token-from-skill"
            }
        }
    }
}
代码语言:javascript复制
{
  "event": {
    "header": {
      "correlationToken": "12345692749237492",
      "messageId": "1bd5d003-31b9-476f-ad03-71d471922820",
      "name": "Discover.Response",
      "namespace": "Alexa.Discovery",
      "payloadVersion": "3"
    },
    "payload": {
      "endpoints": [
        {
          "endpointId": "demo_id",
          "manufacturerName": "Smart Device Company",
          "friendlyName": "Bedroom Outlet",
          "description": "Smart Device Switch",
          "displayCategories": ["SWITCH"],
          "cookie": {
            "key1": "arbitrary key/value pairs for skill to reference this endpoint.",
            "key2": "There can be multiple entries",
            "key3": "but they should only be used for reference purposes.",
            "key4": "This is not a suitable place to maintain current endpoint state."
          },
          "capabilities": [
            {
              "type": "AlexaInterface",
              "interface": "Alexa",
              "version": "3"
            },
            {
              "interface": "Alexa.PowerController",
              "version": "3",
              "type": "AlexaInterface",
              "properties": {
                "supported": [
                  {
                    "name": "powerState"
                  }
                ],
                "retrievable": true
              }
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

关于设备身份映射的解释

虽然恶意skill有可能在Alexa App中顶替到其他skill创建的设备,但是用户在Web控制页面和设置routine时能够看到是两个不同的设备。通过查看web页面的网络流量,发现Alexa在真正标识设备时加入了skill的id作为前缀(base64编码)来防止恶意skill之间冲突上报设备信息,Alexa中表示设备信息的数据结构见附录(从浏览器调试中获得)。

另外还有一个小问题是用户语音UI如何准确的翻译到要控制哪个设备,如有相似或同名,似乎Alexa会额外询问到底要选择控制哪一个,这点没有深入测试。

代码语言:javascript复制

附录代码

Smartapp

代码语言:javascript复制
/**
 *   My web smartapp
 *
 *  Copyright 2019 Ascii0x03
 *
 *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except
 *  in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed
 *  on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License
 *  for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 *
 */
definition(
    name: " My web smartapp",
    namespace: "J_unique_Namespace",
    author: "Ascii0x03",
    description: "web smartapp for alexa",
    category: "My Apps",
    iconUrl: "https://img.yuanmabao.com/zijie/pic/2019/05/10/vhrkvlm34bp.png",
    iconX2Url: "https://img.yuanmabao.com/zijie/pic/2019/05/10/ypej5zfkh3x.png",
    iconX3Url: "https://img.yuanmabao.com/zijie/pic/2019/05/10/ypej5zfkh3x.png")

preferences {
  section ("Allow external service to control these things1...") {
    input "switches", "capability.switch", multiple: true, required: true
  }
}
mappings {
  path("/switches") {
    action: [
      GET: "listSwitches"
    ]
  }
  path("/switches/:command") {
    action: [
      PUT: "updateSwitches"
    ]
  }
  path("/switches/:deviceid/:command") {
    action: [
      PUT: "updateASwitch"
    ]
  }
  path("/amazontoken/:accesstoken/:refreshtoken") {
    action: [GET: "getAmzToken"]
  }
}


def installed() {
    log.debug "Installed with settings: ${settings}"
    initialize()
}

def updated() {
    log.debug "Updated with settings: ${settings}"

    //unsubscribe()
    initialize()
}

def initialize() {
    // TODO: subscribe to attributes, devices, locations, etc.
    subscribe(switches, "switch", eventDetectedHandler)
    //subscribe(switch2, "switch.on", eventDetectedHandler)
    //subscribe(switch1, "switch.off", eventDetectedHandler)
    //subscribe(switch2, "switch.off", eventDetectedHandler)
}

// returns a list like
// [[name: "kitchen lamp", value: "off"], [name: "bathroom", value: "on"]]
def listSwitches() {
    def resp = []
    //def resp = [value:switch1.currentValue("switch")]
    switches.each {
      resp << [name: it.displayName, value: it.currentValue("switch")]
    }
    return resp
}

void updateSwitches() {
    // use the built-in request object to get the command parameter
    def command = params.command
    
    // all switches have the command
    // execute the command on all switches
    // (note we can do this on the array - the command will be invoked on every element
    switch(command) {
        case "ON":
            switches.on()
            report_state_to_amazon("ON", "switch1")
            break
        case "OFF":
            switches.off()
            report_state_to_amazon("OFF", "switch1")
            break
        default:
            httpError(400, "$command is not a valid command for all switches specified")
    }
}
void updateASwitch() {
    def command = params.command
    def deviceid = params.deviceid
        switches.each {
            if(it.displayName == deviceid) {
                switch(command) {
                case "ON":
                    it.on()
                    report_state_to_amazon("ON", deviceid)
                    break
                case "OFF":
                    it.off()
                    report_state_to_amazon("OFF", deviceid)
                    break
                default:
                    httpError(400, "$command is not a valid command for $deviceid specified")
                }
            }
        }         
}
def getAmzToken() {
    def accesstoken = params.accesstoken
    def refreshtoken = params.refreshtoken
    log.debug "accesstoken: $accesstoken"
    state.amzaccesstoken = accesstoken
    state.amzrefreshtoken = refreshtoken
}

def report_state_to_amazon(state_value, endpoint_id) {
    pause(3000)
    def amz_url = "https://api.amazonalexa.com/v3/events"
    def sensor_value = "DETECTED"
    if( state_value == "OFF"){
        sensor_value = "NOT_DETECTED"    
    }
    def body = """
{
  "context": {
    "properties": [
      {
        "namespace": "Alexa.BrightnessController",
        "name": "brightness",
        "value": 85,
        "timeOfSample": "2017-02-03T16:20:50.52Z",
        "uncertaintyInMilliseconds": 60000
      }
    ]
  },
  "event": {
    "header": {
      "messageId": "c50bbb73-1ee8-44f8-af9b-19a0a2195474",
      "namespace": "Alexa",
      "name": "ChangeReport",
      "payloadVersion": "3"
    },
    "endpoint": {
      "scope": {
        "type":"BearerToken",
        "token":"$state.amzaccesstoken"
       },
       "endpointId" :  "$endpoint_id"
    },
    "payload": {
      "change": {
        "cause": {
          "type": "PHYSICAL_INTERACTION"
        },
        "properties": [
          {
            "namespace": "Alexa.PowerController",
            "name": "powerState",
            "value": "$state_value",
            "timeOfSample": "2019-04-16T16:20:50.52Z",
            "uncertaintyInMilliseconds": 0
          },
          {
            "namespace": "Alexa.ContactSensor",
            "name": "detectionState",
            "value": "$sensor_value",
            "timeOfSample": "2019-04-16T16:20:50.52Z",
            "uncertaintyInMilliseconds": 0
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
"""
    def params = [
        uri: amz_url,
        headers: ["Authorization":"Bearer "   state.amzaccesstoken],
        contentType:"application/json",
        body:body
    ]
    log.debug state.amzaccesstoken
//    try {
        httpPost(params) { resp ->
        //log.debug "response data: ${resp.statusCode}"
        //log.debug "response contentType: ${resp.contentType}"
    }
//    } catch (e) {
//        log.debug "something went wrong sending http to Amazon: $e"
 //   }
}
// TODO: implement event handlers
def eventDetectedHandler(evt) {
    log.debug "DetectedHandler called: $evt"
    //log.debug evt.getDevice()

    // get the value of this event, e.g., "on" or "off"
    //log.debug "The value of this event is ${evt.value}"
    if (evt.value == "on") {
        report_state_to_amazon("ON", evt.getDevice());
    } else {
        report_state_to_amazon("OFF", evt.getDevice());
    }
    
    // get the Date this event happened at
    //log.debug "This event happened at ${evt.date}"

    // did the value of this event change from its previous state?
    //log.debug "The value of this event is different from its previous value: ${evt.isStateChange()}"
}        

Alexa Skill Lambda代码(只贴了lambda_function,其他与git中一致)

代码语言:javascript复制
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Copyright 2018 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Amazon Software License (the "License"). You may not use this file except in
# compliance with the License. A copy of the License is located at
#
#    http://aws.amazon.com/asl/
#
# or in the "license" file accompanying this file. This file is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, express or implied. See the License for the specific
# language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
from botocore.vendored import requests
import boto3
import json
from alexa.skills.smarthome import AlexaResponse

dynamodb = boto3.resource('dynamodb')
table = dynamodb.Table('table_smart_home_skill1')
def lambda_handler(request, context):

    # Dump the request for logging - check the CloudWatch logs
    print('lambda_handler request  -----')
    print(json.dumps(request))

    if context is not None:
        print('lambda_handler context  -----')
        print(context)

    # Validate we have an Alexa directive
    if 'directive' not in request:
        aer = AlexaResponse(
            name='ErrorResponse',
            payload={'type': 'INVALID_DIRECTIVE',
                     'message': 'Missing key: directive, Is the request a valid Alexa Directive?'})
        return send_response(aer.get())

    # Check the payload version
    payload_version = request['directive']['header']['payloadVersion']
    if payload_version != '3':
        aer = AlexaResponse(
            name='ErrorResponse',
            payload={'type': 'INTERNAL_ERROR',
                     'message': 'This skill only supports Smart Home API version 3'})
        return send_response(aer.get())

    # Crack open the request and see what is being requested
    name = request['directive']['header']['name']
    namespace = request['directive']['header']['namespace']

    # Handle the incoming request from Alexa based on the namespace

    if namespace == 'Alexa.Authorization':
        if name == 'AcceptGrant':
            # Note: This sample accepts any grant request
            # In your implementation you would use the code and token to get and store access tokens
            grant_code = request['directive']['payload']['grant']['code']
            grantee_token = request['directive']['payload']['grantee']['token']
            ###Send the amazon grant_code
            data = {"grant_type":"authorization_code", 
                    "code":grant_code, 
                    "client_id":"amzn1.application-oa2-client.XXX", 
                    "client_secret":"XXX"}
            post_data = ""
            for key in data:
                post_data = post_data   key   '='   data[key]   '&'
            
            headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8'}
            r = requests.post('https://api.amazon.com/auth/o2/token', data = post_data, headers = headers)
            #print(r.status_code)
            if(r.status_code == 200):
                print(r.json())
                resp = r.json()
                access_token = resp['access_token']
                refresh_token = resp['refresh_token']
                
                ###TODO:Send amazon access_token to SmartThings
                smartthings_uri = smartthings_discover_endpoint(grantee_token)
                headers = {'Authorization': 'Bearer '   grantee_token}
                r = requests.get(smartthings_uri   '/amazontoken'   '/'   access_token   '/'   refresh_token, headers = headers)
                #print("JJJ:SmartThings sent amazon token")
                #print(r.status_code)
                
                table.put_item(
                   Item={
                        'ItemId': grantee_token,
                        'amazon_access_token': access_token,
                        'refresh_token': refresh_token,
                    }
                )
                
            else:
                print("JJ:Get access_token Bug!")
                return
            
            aar = AlexaResponse(namespace='Alexa.Authorization', name='AcceptGrant.Response')
            return send_response(aar.get())
            
    if namespace == 'Alexa.Discovery':
        if name == 'Discover':
            adr = AlexaResponse(namespace='Alexa.Discovery', name='Discover.Response')
            capability_alexa = adr.create_payload_endpoint_capability()
            #capability_sensor = adr.create_payload_endpoint_capability()
            capability_alexa_powercontroller = adr.create_payload_endpoint_capability(
                interface='Alexa.PowerController',
                supported=[{'name': 'powerState'}],
                proactively_reported = True,
                retrievable = True)
            capability_ContactSensor = adr.create_payload_endpoint_capability(
                type='AlexaInterface',
                interface = 'Alexa.ContactSensor',
                supported=[{'name':'detectionState'}],
                proactively_reported = True,
                retrievable = True
            )
            
            adr.add_payload_endpoint(
                friendly_name='J_smart_sensor_switch',
                endpoint_id='switch1',
                description='SmartThings Switch1',
                display_categories=['SWITCH'],
                manufacturer_name='SmartThings_J',
                capabilities=[capability_alexa, capability_alexa_powercontroller, capability_ContactSensor]
            )
            adr.add_payload_endpoint(
                friendly_name='J_smart_sensor_switch2',
                endpoint_id='switch2',
                description='SmartThings Switch2',
                display_categories=['SWITCH'],
                manufacturer_name='SmartThings_J',
                capabilities=[capability_alexa, capability_alexa_powercontroller, capability_ContactSensor]
            )            
            
            return send_response(adr.get())

    if namespace == 'Alexa.PowerController':
        # Note: This sample always returns a success response for either a request to TurnOff or TurnOn
        endpoint_id = request['directive']['endpoint']['endpointId']
        ##TODO: lookup smartthings according to id and find status
        
        power_state_value = 'OFF' if name == 'TurnOff' else 'ON'
        correlation_token = request['directive']['header']['correlationToken']
        token = request['directive']['endpoint']['scope']['token']
        # Check for an error when setting the state
        smartthing_endpoint = smartthings_discover_endpoint(token)
        state_set = smartthings_control_device(smartthing_endpoint, token, endpoint_id, power_state_value)
        if not state_set:
            return AlexaResponse(
                name='ErrorResponse',
                payload={'type': 'ENDPOINT_UNREACHABLE', 'message': 'Unable to reach endpoint database.'}).get()

        apcr = AlexaResponse(correlation_token=correlation_token, token=token, endpoint_id=endpoint_id)
        apcr.add_context_property(namespace='Alexa.PowerController', name='powerState', value=power_state_value)
        if power_state_value == "ON":
            apcr.add_context_property(namespace='Alexa.ContactSensor', name='detectionState', value='DETECTED')
        else:
            apcr.add_context_property(namespace='Alexa.ContactSensor', name='detectionState', value='NOT_DETECTED')
                
        return send_response(apcr.get())

#    if namespace == 'Alexa.LockController':
        # Note: This sample always returns a success response for either a request to TurnOff or TurnOn
        endpoint_id = request['directive']['endpoint']['endpointId']
        state_value = 'LOCKED' if name == 'Lock' else 'UNLOCKED'
        correlation_token = request['directive']['header']['correlationToken']

        # Check for an error when setting the state
        state_set = set_device_state(endpoint_id=endpoint_id, state='lockState', value=state_value)
        if not state_set:
            return AlexaResponse(
                name='ErrorResponse',
                payload={'type': 'ENDPOINT_UNREACHABLE', 'message': 'Unable to reach endpoint database.'}).get()
        
        apcr = AlexaResponse(correlation_token=correlation_token)
        apcr.add_context_property(namespace='Alexa.LockController', name='lockState', value=state_value)
        
        return send_response(apcr.get())
    
    
    
    if namespace == 'Alexa':
        if name == 'ReportState':
            endpoint_id = request['directive']['endpoint']['endpointId']
            token = request['directive']['endpoint']['scope']['token']
            smartthing_endpoint = smartthings_discover_endpoint(token)
            power_state_value = smartthings_get_device_state(smartthing_endpoint, token, endpoint_id)
            if power_state_value == 'ON':
                sensor_state_value = 'DETECTED'
            else:
                sensor_state_value = 'NOT_DETECTED'
            ##TODO: retrive status of devices
            correlation_token = request['directive']['header']['correlationToken']
            apcr = AlexaResponse(correlation_token=correlation_token,token=token, endpoint_id=endpoint_id,name='StateReport')
            apcr.add_context_property(namespace='Alexa.ContactSensor', name='detectionState', value=sensor_state_value)
            apcr.add_context_property(namespace='Alexa.PowerController', name='powerState', value=power_state_value)
            return send_response(apcr.get())
            
def send_response(response):
    # TODO Validate the response
    print('lambda_handler response -----')
    print(json.dumps(response))
    return response


def set_device_state(endpoint_id, state, value):
    smartthings_discover_endpoint()
    return True

def smartthings_get_device_state(smartthing_endpoint, token, endpoint_id):
    headers = {'Authorization': 'Bearer '  token}
    #print(smartthing_endpoint   '/'   endpoint_id)
    r = requests.get(smartthing_endpoint   '/'   'switches', headers=headers)
    #print(r.json())
    if (r.status_code == 200):
        for i in r.json():
            if i['name'] == endpoint_id:
                if i['value'] == 'on':
                    return 'ON'
                else:
                    return 'OFF'
    else:
        print("JJJ: get device state BUG!")
        print(r.status_code)
    
    
def smartthings_control_device(smartthing_endpoint, token, endpoint_id, cmd):
    headers = {'Authorization': 'Bearer '  token}
    response = requests.put(smartthing_endpoint   '/switches/'   endpoint_id   '/'   cmd, headers=headers)
    print("JJJ: Control device response: "   str(response.status_code))
    return True
    
def smartthings_discover_endpoint(token):
    headers = {'Authorization': 'Bearer '   token}
    r = requests.get("https://graph.api.smartthings.com/api/smartapps/endpoints", headers=headers)
    resp = r.json()
    #print(resp)
    for i in resp:
        url = i['uri']
    return url

Alexa中设备、场景的数据结构

代码语言:javascript复制
{  
   "networkDetail":"{"   locationDetails":{  
      "locationDetails":{  
         "Default_Location":{  
            "locationId":"Default_Location",
            "amazonBridgeDetails":{  
               "amazonBridgeDetails":{  
                  "LambdaBridge_SKILL/eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjE3NTdjNjlmLTFhYzktNGZlYi05NWI3LWFkNTI4OTk1ZTNiNSIsInN0YWdlIjoiZGV2ZWxvcG1lbnQifQ==":{  
                     "amazonBridgeIdentifier":{  
                        "amazonBridgeDSN":"SKILL/eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjE3NTdjNjlmLTFhYzktNGZlYi05NWI3LWFkNTI4OTk1ZTNiNSIsInN0YWdlIjoiZGV2ZWxvcG1lbnQifQ==",
                        "amazonBridgeType":"LambdaBridge",
                        "lambdaBridge":true,
                        "amazonBridgeSource":"SKILL"
                     },
                     "applianceDetails":{  
                        "applianceDetails":{  
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                              "applianceId":"SKILL_eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjE3NTdjNjlmLTFhYzktNGZlYi05NWI3LWFkNTI4OTk1ZTNiNSIsInN0YWdlIjoiZGV2ZWxvcG1lbnQifQ==_fake_end1",
                              "endpointTypeId":"",
                              "driverIdentity":{  
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                              },
                              "manufacturerName":"SmartThings",
                              "friendlyDescription":"Fake SmartThings Switch",
                              "modelName":"",
                              "deviceType":"CLOUD_DISCOVERED_DEVICE",
                              "version":"0",
                              "friendlyName":"smartthings1",
                              "friendlyNameModifiedAt":1554150257260,
                              "capabilitiesModifiedAt":1554150257260,
                              "ipAddress":"",
                              "port":"",
                              "entityId":"6aa7c6ce-723f-4f0b-aca3-a467fa8f89cf",
                              "applianceNetworkState":{  
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                                 "lastSeenAt":1554150273030,
                                 "createdAt":1554150257260,
                                 "lastSeenDiscoverySessionId":{  
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                                 }
                              },
                              "tags":{  
                                 "tagNameToValueSetMap":{  

                                 }
                              },
                              "additionalApplianceDetails":{  
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                                 }
                              },
                              "firmwareVersion":"0",
                              "actions":[  

                              ],
                              "capabilities":[  
                                 {  
                                    "capabilityType":"AVSInterfaceCapability",
                                    "type":"AlexaInterface",
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                                    "properties":{  
                                       "supported":[  
                                          {  
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                                          }
                                       ],
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                                       "readOnly":false
                                    },
                                    "interfaceName":"Alexa.PowerController"
                                 }
                              ],
                              "applianceTypes":[  
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                              ],
                              "isEnabled":true,
                              "aliases":[  

                              ],
                              "connectedVia":"",
                              "alexaDeviceIdentifierList":[  

                              ],
                              "ipaddress":"",
                              "applianceLambdaControlled":true,
                              "applianceDriverIdentity":{  
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                                 "identifier":"eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjE3NTdjNjlmLTFhYzktNGZlYi05NWI3LWFkNTI4OTk1ZTNiNSIsInN0YWdlIjoiZGV2ZWxvcG1lbnQifQ=="
                              }
                           }
                        }
                     }
                  },
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                     "amazonBridgeIdentifier":{  
                        "amazonBridgeDSN":"SKILL/eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjI3MDZhOGNmLWUzYWItNGRjNi04ZTNkLWEwYjlkZWYxOWQ1NyIsInN0YWdlIjoiZGV2ZWxvcG1lbnQifQ==",
                        "amazonBridgeType":"LambdaBridge",
                        "lambdaBridge":true,
                        "amazonBridgeSource":"SKILL"
                     },
                     "applianceDetails":{  
                        "applianceDetails":{  
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                              "applianceId":"SKILL_eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjI3MDZhOGNmLWUzYWItNGRjNi04ZTNkLWEwYjlkZWYxOWQ1NyIsInN0YWdlIjoiZGV2ZWxvcG1lbnQifQ==_fake_end1",
                              "endpointTypeId":"",
                              "driverIdentity":{  
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                              },
                              "manufacturerName":"SmartThings",
                              "friendlyDescription":"Fake SmartThings Switch2",
                              "modelName":"",
                              "deviceType":"CLOUD_DISCOVERED_DEVICE",
                              "version":"0",
                              "friendlyName":"smartthings1",
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                              "capabilitiesModifiedAt":1554150257281,
                              "ipAddress":"",
                              "port":"",
                              "entityId":"c792b2e7-e71b-41ec-b2e3-9e9476ab7e35",
                              "applianceNetworkState":{  
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                                 "lastSeenAt":1554150273030,
                                 "createdAt":1554150257281,
                                 "lastSeenDiscoverySessionId":{  
                                    "value":"amzn1.HomeAutomation.ApplianceDiscovery.A1OZ7FH12OZY2A.LambdaBridge.fakeDSN.CUSTOMER.2019-04-01T20:24:17.180Z.22e16552-2ad2-4562-bb8d-20e5862326b6"
                                 }
                              },
                              "tags":{  
                                 "tagNameToValueSetMap":{  

                                 }
                              },
                              "additionalApplianceDetails":{  
                                 "additionalApplianceDetails":{  

                                 }
                              },
                              "firmwareVersion":"0",
                              "actions":[  

                              ],
                              "capabilities":[  
                                 {  
                                    "capabilityType":"AVSInterfaceCapability",
                                    "type":"AlexaInterface",
                                    "version":"3",
                                    "properties":{  
                                       "supported":[  
                                          {  
                                             "name":"powerState"
                                          }
                                       ],
                                       "proactivelyReported":true,
                                       "retrievable":true,
                                       "readOnly":false
                                    },
                                    "interfaceName":"Alexa.PowerController"
                                 }
                              ],
                              "applianceTypes":[  
                                 "SWITCH"
                              ],
                              "isEnabled":true,
                              "aliases":[  

                              ],
                              "connectedVia":"",
                              "alexaDeviceIdentifierList":[  

                              ],
                              "ipaddress":"",
                              "applianceLambdaControlled":true,
                              "applianceDriverIdentity":{  
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                                 "identifier":"eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjI3MDZhOGNmLWUzYWItNGRjNi04ZTNkLWEwYjlkZWYxOWQ1NyIsInN0YWdlIjoiZGV2ZWxvcG1lbnQifQ=="
                              }
                           }
                        }
                     }
                  },
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                     "amazonBridgeIdentifier":{  
                        "amazonBridgeDSN":"SKILL/eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjJiZGJjNzRmLWNlNGQtNGUyZC1iNzQxLTMyNmM3YmEzNThmMCIsInN0YWdlIjoibGl2ZSJ9",
                        "amazonBridgeType":"LambdaBridge",
                        "lambdaBridge":true,
                        "amazonBridgeSource":"SKILL"
                     },
                     "applianceDetails":{  
                        "applianceDetails":{  
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                              "applianceId":"SKILL_eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjJiZGJjNzRmLWNlNGQtNGUyZC1iNzQxLTMyNmM3YmEzNThmMCIsInN0YWdlIjoibGl2ZSJ9_e0401c4e-ff5e-43f6-af5f-4986afb8266e",
                              "endpointTypeId":"",
                              "driverIdentity":{  
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                              },
                              "manufacturerName":"SmartThings",
                              "friendlyDescription":"SmartThings Routine",
                              "modelName":"",
                              "deviceType":"CLOUD_DISCOVERED_DEVICE",
                              "version":"0",
                              "friendlyName":"Goodbye!",
                              "friendlyNameModifiedAt":1552940633050,
                              "capabilitiesModifiedAt":1552940633050,
                              "ipAddress":"",
                              "port":"",
                              "entityId":"147bd392-8ffd-4dc3-b954-0a91231ecea6",
                              "applianceNetworkState":{  
                                 "reachability":"REACHABLE",
                                 "lastSeenAt":1554150273030,
                                 "createdAt":1552940633050,
                                 "lastSeenDiscoverySessionId":{  
                                    "value":"amzn1.HomeAutomation.ApplianceDiscovery.A1OZ7FH12OZY2A.LambdaBridge.fakeDSN.CUSTOMER.2019-04-01T20:24:17.180Z.22e16552-2ad2-4562-bb8d-20e5862326b6"
                                 }
                              },
                              "tags":{  
                                 "tagNameToValueSetMap":{  

                                 }
                              },
                              "additionalApplianceDetails":{  
                                 "additionalApplianceDetails":{  
                                    "uri":"https://graph.api.smartthings.com:443/api/smartapps/installations/3f4b5154-1538-429d-9311-b095a17c18a8"
                                 }
                              },
                              "firmwareVersion":"0",
                              "actions":[  

                              ],
                              "capabilities":[  
                                 {  
                                    "capabilityType":"AVSSceneControllerCapability",
                                    "type":"AlexaInterface",
                                    "version":"3",
                                    "proactivelyReported":false,
                                    "supportsDeactivation":false,
                                    "interfaceName":"Alexa.SceneController"
                                 }
                              ],
                              "applianceTypes":[  
                                 "SCENE_TRIGGER"
                              ],
                              "isEnabled":true,
                              "aliases":[  

                              ],
                              "connectedVia":"",
                              "alexaDeviceIdentifierList":[  

                              ],
                              "ipaddress":"",
                              "applianceLambdaControlled":true,
                              "applianceDriverIdentity":{  
                                 "namespace":"SKILL",
                                 "identifier":"eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjJiZGJjNzRmLWNlNGQtNGUyZC1iNzQxLTMyNmM3YmEzNThmMCIsInN0YWdlIjoibGl2ZSJ9"
                              }
                           },
                           "SKILL_eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjJiZGJjNzRmLWNlNGQtNGUyZC1iNzQxLTMyNmM3YmEzNThmMCIsInN0YWdlIjoibGl2ZSJ9_5178a3ef-b365-4338-b1b2-aab4fbbc5e1e":{  
                              "applianceId":"SKILL_eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjJiZGJjNzRmLWNlNGQtNGUyZC1iNzQxLTMyNmM3YmEzNThmMCIsInN0YWdlIjoibGl2ZSJ9_5178a3ef-b365-4338-b1b2-aab4fbbc5e1e",
                              "endpointTypeId":"",
                              "driverIdentity":{  
                                 "namespace":"SKILL",
                                 "identifier":"eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjJiZGJjNzRmLWNlNGQtNGUyZC1iNzQxLTMyNmM3YmEzNThmMCIsInN0YWdlIjoibGl2ZSJ9"
                              },
                              "manufacturerName":"SmartThings",
                              "friendlyDescription":"SmartThings Routine",
                              "modelName":"",
                              "deviceType":"CLOUD_DISCOVERED_DEVICE",
                              "version":"0",
                              "friendlyName":"IAmBack",
                              "friendlyNameModifiedAt":1552940633063,
                              "capabilitiesModifiedAt":1552940633063,
                              "ipAddress":"",
                              "port":"",
                              "entityId":"a5c397bd-847b-45fa-89fb-f34eb556f207",
                              "applianceNetworkState":{  
                                 "reachability":"REACHABLE",
                                 "lastSeenAt":1554150273030,
                                 "createdAt":1552940633050,
                                 "lastSeenDiscoverySessionId":{  
                                    "value":"amzn1.HomeAutomation.ApplianceDiscovery.A1OZ7FH12OZY2A.LambdaBridge.fakeDSN.CUSTOMER.2019-04-01T20:24:17.180Z.22e16552-2ad2-4562-bb8d-20e5862326b6"
                                 }
                              },
                              "tags":{  
                                 "tagNameToValueSetMap":{  

                                 }
                              },
                              "additionalApplianceDetails":{  
                                 "additionalApplianceDetails":{  
                                    "uri":"https://graph.api.smartthings.com:443/api/smartapps/installations/3f4b5154-1538-429d-9311-b095a17c18a8"
                                 }
                              },
                              "firmwareVersion":"0",
                              "actions":[  

                              ],
                              "capabilities":[  
                                 {  
                                    "capabilityType":"AVSSceneControllerCapability",
                                    "type":"AlexaInterface",
                                    "version":"3",
                                    "proactivelyReported":false,
                                    "supportsDeactivation":false,
                                    "interfaceName":"Alexa.SceneController"
                                 }
                              ],
                              "applianceTypes":[  
                                 "SCENE_TRIGGER"
                              ],
                              "isEnabled":true,
                              "aliases":[  

                              ],
                              "connectedVia":"",
                              "alexaDeviceIdentifierList":[  

                              ],
                              "ipaddress":"",
                              "applianceLambdaControlled":true,
                              "applianceDriverIdentity":{  
                                 "namespace":"SKILL",
                                 "identifier":"eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjJiZGJjNzRmLWNlNGQtNGUyZC1iNzQxLTMyNmM3YmEzNThmMCIsInN0YWdlIjoibGl2ZSJ9"
                              }
                           },
                           "SKILL_eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjJiZGJjNzRmLWNlNGQtNGUyZC1iNzQxLTMyNmM3YmEzNThmMCIsInN0YWdlIjoibGl2ZSJ9_f59f6427-db90-4402-8a6b-c2be09ae2ff0":{  
                              "applianceId":"SKILL_eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjJiZGJjNzRmLWNlNGQtNGUyZC1iNzQxLTMyNmM3YmEzNThmMCIsInN0YWdlIjoibGl2ZSJ9_f59f6427-db90-4402-8a6b-c2be09ae2ff0",
                              "endpointTypeId":"",
                              "driverIdentity":{  
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                              },
                              "manufacturerName":"SmartThings",
                              "friendlyDescription":"SmartThings Switch",
                              "modelName":"",
                              "deviceType":"CLOUD_DISCOVERED_DEVICE",
                              "version":"0",
                              "friendlyName":"smartthings2",
                              "friendlyNameModifiedAt":1554149203953,
                              "capabilitiesModifiedAt":1554149203953,
                              "ipAddress":"",
                              "port":"",
                              "entityId":"3b84b62c-4c56-4e6a-814a-5bd92df3511c",
                              "applianceNetworkState":{  
                                 "reachability":"REACHABLE",
                                 "lastSeenAt":1554150273030,
                                 "createdAt":1554149203953,
                                 "lastSeenDiscoverySessionId":{  
                                    "value":"amzn1.HomeAutomation.ApplianceDiscovery.A1OZ7FH12OZY2A.LambdaBridge.fakeDSN.CUSTOMER.2019-04-01T20:24:17.180Z.22e16552-2ad2-4562-bb8d-20e5862326b6"
                                 }
                              },
                              "tags":{  
                                 "tagNameToValueSetMap":{  

                                 }
                              },
                              "additionalApplianceDetails":{  
                                 "additionalApplianceDetails":{  
                                    "uri":"https://graph.api.smartthings.com:443/api/smartapps/installations/3f4b5154-1538-429d-9311-b095a17c18a8"
                                 }
                              },
                              "firmwareVersion":"0",
                              "actions":[  

                              ],
                              "capabilities":[  
                                 {  
                                    "capabilityType":"AVSInterfaceCapability",
                                    "type":"AlexaInterface",
                                    "version":"3",
                                    "properties":{  
                                       "supported":[  
                                          {  
                                             "name":"connectivity"
                                          }
                                       ],
                                       "proactivelyReported":false,
                                       "retrievable":true,
                                       "readOnly":false
                                    },
                                    "interfaceName":"Alexa.EndpointHealth"
                                 },
                                 {  
                                    "capabilityType":"AVSInterfaceCapability",
                                    "type":"AlexaInterface",
                                    "version":"3",
                                    "properties":{  
                                       "supported":[  
                                          {  
                                             "name":"powerState"
                                          }
                                       ],
                                       "proactivelyReported":true,
                                       "retrievable":true,
                                       "readOnly":false
                                    },
                                    "interfaceName":"Alexa.PowerController"
                                 }
                              ],
                              "applianceTypes":[  
                                 "SWITCH"
                              ],
                              "isEnabled":true,
                              "aliases":[  

                              ],
                              "connectedVia":"",
                              "alexaDeviceIdentifierList":[  

                              ],
                              "ipaddress":"",
                              "applianceLambdaControlled":true,
                              "applianceDriverIdentity":{  
                                 "namespace":"SKILL",
                                 "identifier":"eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjJiZGJjNzRmLWNlNGQtNGUyZC1iNzQxLTMyNmM3YmEzNThmMCIsInN0YWdlIjoibGl2ZSJ9"
                              }
                           },
                           "SKILL_eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjJiZGJjNzRmLWNlNGQtNGUyZC1iNzQxLTMyNmM3YmEzNThmMCIsInN0YWdlIjoibGl2ZSJ9_6848728a-6951-4457-8d1b-037fea3fea67":{  
                              "applianceId":"SKILL_eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjJiZGJjNzRmLWNlNGQtNGUyZC1iNzQxLTMyNmM3YmEzNThmMCIsInN0YWdlIjoibGl2ZSJ9_6848728a-6951-4457-8d1b-037fea3fea67",
                              "endpointTypeId":"",
                              "driverIdentity":{  
                                 "namespace":"SKILL",
                                 "identifier":"eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjJiZGJjNzRmLWNlNGQtNGUyZC1iNzQxLTMyNmM3YmEzNThmMCIsInN0YWdlIjoibGl2ZSJ9"
                              },
                              "manufacturerName":"SmartThings",
                              "friendlyDescription":"SmartThings Routine",
                              "modelName":"",
                              "deviceType":"CLOUD_DISCOVERED_DEVICE",
                              "version":"0",
                              "friendlyName":"Good Morning!",
                              "friendlyNameModifiedAt":1552940633068,
                              "capabilitiesModifiedAt":1552940633068,
                              "ipAddress":"",
                              "port":"",
                              "entityId":"5c5d0a42-66a7-47f0-a2a1-3dd88da1e31d",
                              "applianceNetworkState":{  
                                 "reachability":"REACHABLE",
                                 "lastSeenAt":1554150273030,
                                 "createdAt":1552940633050,
                                 "lastSeenDiscoverySessionId":{  
                                    "value":"amzn1.HomeAutomation.ApplianceDiscovery.A1OZ7FH12OZY2A.LambdaBridge.fakeDSN.CUSTOMER.2019-04-01T20:24:17.180Z.22e16552-2ad2-4562-bb8d-20e5862326b6"
                                 }
                              },
                              "tags":{  
                                 "tagNameToValueSetMap":{  

                                 }
                              },
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                              "tags":{  
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                              "tags":{  
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                                    },
                                    "interfaceName":"Alexa.EndpointHealth"
                                 }
                              ],
                              "applianceTypes":[  
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                              ],
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                           },
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                              },
                              "manufacturerName":"SmartThings",
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                              "deviceType":"CLOUD_DISCOVERED_DEVICE",
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                              "capabilitiesModifiedAt":1554149203970,
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                                 }
                              },
                              "tags":{  
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                              },
                              "additionalApplianceDetails":{  
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                                 }
                              },
                              "firmwareVersion":"0",
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                                 {  
                                    "capabilityType":"AVSInterfaceCapability",
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                                          {  
                                             "name":"connectivity"
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                                    },
                                    "interfaceName":"Alexa.EndpointHealth"
                                 },
                                 {  
                                    "capabilityType":"AVSInterfaceCapability",
                                    "type":"AlexaInterface",
                                    "version":"3",
                                    "properties":{  
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                                             "name":"powerState"
                                          }
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                                    },
                                    "interfaceName":"Alexa.PowerController"
                                 }
                              ],
                              "applianceTypes":[  
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                              ],
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                              "alexaDeviceIdentifierList":[  

                              ],
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                              "applianceLambdaControlled":true,
                              "applianceDriverIdentity":{  
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                              }
                           },
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                              "applianceId":"SKILL_eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjJiZGJjNzRmLWNlNGQtNGUyZC1iNzQxLTMyNmM3YmEzNThmMCIsInN0YWdlIjoibGl2ZSJ9_63c09df9-6d13-40f8-bec0-c1217c5dd9ed",
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                              },
                              "manufacturerName":"SmartThings",
                              "friendlyDescription":"SmartThings Light (dimmable)",
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                              "deviceType":"CLOUD_DISCOVERED_DEVICE",
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                                 }
                              },
                              "tags":{  
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                                 }
                              },
                              "additionalApplianceDetails":{  
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                                 }
                              },
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                              ],
                              "capabilities":[  
                                 {  
                                    "capabilityType":"AVSInterfaceCapability",
                                    "type":"AlexaInterface",
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                                    "properties":{  
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                                          {  
                                             "name":"brightness"
                                          }
                                       ],
                                       "proactivelyReported":true,
                                       "retrievable":true,
                                       "readOnly":false
                                    },
                                    "interfaceName":"Alexa.BrightnessController"
                                 },
                                 {  
                                    "capabilityType":"AVSInterfaceCapability",
                                    "type":"AlexaInterface",
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                                    },
                                    "interfaceName":"Alexa.EndpointHealth"
                                 },
                                 {  
                                    "capabilityType":"AVSInterfaceCapability",
                                    "type":"AlexaInterface",
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                                    },
                                    "interfaceName":"Alexa.PowerController"
                                 }
                              ],
                              "applianceTypes":[  
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                                 "LIGHT"
                              ],
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                              ],
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                              "alexaDeviceIdentifierList":[  

                              ],
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                              "applianceLambdaControlled":true,
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                              }
                           },
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                              "endpointTypeId":"",
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                              },
                              "manufacturerName":"SmartThings",
                              "friendlyDescription":"SmartThings Routine",
                              "modelName":"",
                              "deviceType":"CLOUD_DISCOVERED_DEVICE",
                              "version":"0",
                              "friendlyName":"Good Night!",
                              "friendlyNameModifiedAt":1552940633087,
                              "capabilitiesModifiedAt":1552940633087,
                              "ipAddress":"",
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                              "entityId":"302b9711-6998-4865-9204-7a4ea5c2d2af",
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                                 "createdAt":1552940633050,
                                 "lastSeenDiscoverySessionId":{  
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                                 }
                              },
                              "tags":{  
                                 "tagNameToValueSetMap":{  

                                 }
                              },
                              "additionalApplianceDetails":{  
                                 "additionalApplianceDetails":{  
                                    "uri":"https://graph.api.smartthings.com:443/api/smartapps/installations/3f4b5154-1538-429d-9311-b095a17c18a8"
                                 }
                              },
                              "firmwareVersion":"0",
                              "actions":[  

                              ],
                              "capabilities":[  
                                 {  
                                    "capabilityType":"AVSSceneControllerCapability",
                                    "type":"AlexaInterface",
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                                    "proactivelyReported":false,
                                    "supportsDeactivation":false,
                                    "interfaceName":"Alexa.SceneController"
                                 }
                              ],
                              "applianceTypes":[  
                                 "SCENE_TRIGGER"
                              ],
                              "isEnabled":true,
                              "aliases":[  

                              ],
                              "connectedVia":"",
                              "alexaDeviceIdentifierList":[  

                              ],
                              "ipaddress":"",
                              "applianceLambdaControlled":true,
                              "applianceDriverIdentity":{  
                                 "namespace":"SKILL",
                                 "identifier":"eyJza2lsbElkIjoiYW16bjEuYXNrLnNraWxsLjJiZGJjNzRmLWNlNGQtNGUyZC1iNzQxLTMyNmM3YmEzNThmMCIsInN0YWdlIjoibGl2ZSJ9"
                              }
                           }
                        }
                     }
                  }
               }
            },
            "applianceGroups":{  
               "applianceGroups":{  

               }
            }
         }
      }
   },
   "version":"1.0",
   "relations":[  

   ]
}"
}

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