引子：
大数据的场景下，NoSql型数据库的优势不言而喻，但是涉及NoSQL数据库的实际动手开发的东西多是Linux平台，大多语焉不详，至于Windows平台介绍的东西就更少了，而且大多无法运行。本文就Windows平台基于Eclipse搭建Hbase环境客户端开发环境做一个介绍。另外基于Thrift实现的Windows版本Hbase客户端库也做了封装，有需要的可以留言索取。
一、开发环境
操作系统：windows xp sp3
开发工具：Eclipse3.6
虚拟机：VMware
服务器环境：hadoop1.1.0 Hbase0.94
备注：需要特别说明的是不需要Cygwin搭建Linux在Windows环境下的方针。
二、环境配置
2.1系统设置
修改Windows主机Hosts文件C:WINDOWSsystem32driversetchosts,增加服务器配置
127.0.0.1 localhost 127.0.0.1 microsof-c2f4ea 192.168.230.133 hadoop1
2.2 Eclipse设置
运行Eclipse，创建一个新的Java工程“HBaseClient”，右键项目根目录，选择 “Properties”->“Java Build Path”->“Library”->“Add External JARs”，将HBase解压后根目录下的hbase-0.94.0.jar、hbase-0.94.0-tests.jar和lib子目录下所有jar 包添加到本工程的Classpath下。拷贝Hbase服务器端配置文件hbase-site.xml添加到本工程的Classpath中。配置文件如下所示：
<configuration> <property> <name>hbase.rootdir</name> <value>hdfs://192.168.230.133:9000/hbase</value> <description>The directory shared by region servers.</description> </property> <property> <name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name> <value>true</value> <description>The mode the cluster will be in. Possible values are false: standalone and pseudo-distributed setups with managed Zookeeper true: fully-distributed with unmanaged Zookeeper Quorum (see hbase-env.sh) </description> </property> <property> <name>hbase.master</name> <value>hdfs://192.168.230.133:60000</value> </property> <property> <name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name> <value>192.168.230.133</value> <description>Comma separated list of servers in the ZooKeeper Quorum. For example, "host1.mydomain.com,host2.mydomain.com,host3.mydomain.com". By default this is set to localhost for local and pseudo-distributed modes of operation. For a fully-distributed setup, this should be set to a full list of ZooKeeper quorum servers. If HBASE_MANAGES_ZK is set in hbase-env.sh this is the list of servers which we will start/stop ZooKeeper on. </description> </property> <property> <name>hbase.zookeeper.property.dataDir</name> <value>/home/hadoop/log/zookeeper</value> <description>Property from ZooKeeper's config zoo.cfg. The directory where the snapshot is stored. </description> </property> </configuration>
三、程序源码
import java.io.IOException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.KeyValue; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.MasterNotRunningException; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.ZooKeeperConnectionException; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Delete; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes; public class HBaseTest { private static Configuration conf = null; /** * 初始化配置 */ static { Configuration HBASE_CONFIG = new Configuration(); //与hbase/conf/hbase-site.xml中hbase.zookeeper.quorum配置的值相同 HBASE_CONFIG.set("hbase.master", "192.168.230.133:60000"); HBASE_CONFIG.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "192.168.230.133"); //与hbase/conf/hbase-site.xml中hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort配置的值相同 HBASE_CONFIG.set("hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort", "2181"); conf = HBaseConfiguration.create(HBASE_CONFIG); } /** * 创建一张表 */ public static void creatTable(String tableName, String[] familys) throws Exception { HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf); if (admin.tableExists(tableName)) { System.out.println("table already exists!"); } else { HTableDescriptor tableDesc = new HTableDescriptor(tableName); for(int i=0; i<familys.length; i ){ tableDesc.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(familys[i])); } admin.createTable(tableDesc); System.out.println("create table " tableName " ok."); } } /** * 删除表 */ public static void deleteTable(String tableName) throws Exception { try { HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf); admin.disableTable(tableName); admin.deleteTable(tableName); System.out.println("delete table " tableName " ok."); } catch (MasterNotRunningException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (ZooKeeperConnectionException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 插入一行记录 */ public static void addRecord (String tableName, String rowKey, String family, String qualifier, String value) throws Exception{ try { HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName); Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey)); put.add(Bytes.toBytes(family),Bytes.toBytes(qualifier),Bytes.toBytes(value)); table.put(put); System.out.println("insert recored " rowKey " to table " tableName " ok."); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 删除一行记录 */ public static void delRecord (String tableName, String rowKey) throws IOException{ HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName); List list = new ArrayList(); Delete del = new Delete(rowKey.getBytes()); list.add(del); table.delete(list); System.out.println("del recored " rowKey " ok."); } /** * 查找一行记录 */ public static void getOneRecord (String tableName, String rowKey) throws IOException{ HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName); Get get = new Get(rowKey.getBytes()); Result rs = table.get(get); for(KeyValue kv : rs.raw()){ System.out.print(new String(kv.getRow()) " " ); System.out.print(new String(kv.getFamily()) ":" ); System.out.print(new String(kv.getQualifier()) " " ); System.out.print(kv.getTimestamp() " " ); System.out.println(new String(kv.getValue())); } } /** * 显示所有数据 */ public static void getAllRecord (String tableName) { try{ HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName); Scan s = new Scan(); ResultScanner ss = table.getScanner(s); for(Result r:ss){ for(KeyValue kv : r.raw()){ System.out.print(new String(kv.getRow()) " "); System.out.print(new String(kv.getFamily()) ":"); System.out.print(new String(kv.getQualifier()) " "); System.out.print(kv.getTimestamp() " "); System.out.println(new String(kv.getValue())); } } } catch (IOException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } public static void main (String [] agrs) { try { String tablename = "scores"; String[] familys = {"grade", "course"}; HBaseTest.creatTable(tablename, familys); //add record zkb HBaseTest.addRecord(tablename,"zkb","grade","","5"); HBaseTest.addRecord(tablename,"zkb","course","","90"); HBaseTest.addRecord(tablename,"zkb","course","math","97"); HBaseTest.addRecord(tablename,"zkb","course","art","87"); //add record baoniu HBaseTest.addRecord(tablename,"baoniu","grade","","4"); HBaseTest.addRecord(tablename,"baoniu","course","math","89"); System.out.println("===========get one record========"); HBaseTest.getOneRecord(tablename, "zkb"); System.out.println("===========show all record========"); HBaseTest.getAllRecord(tablename); System.out.println("===========del one record========"); HBaseTest.delRecord(tablename, "baoniu"); HBaseTest.getAllRecord(tablename); System.out.println("===========show all record========"); HBaseTest.getAllRecord(tablename); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
四、运行截图
通过Hbase的Web-UI我们可以看到我们已经创建了表Scores，列族结构如下图所示：
五、执行结果
直接在Eclipse中运行，运行结果截屏如下图所示：
六、关于Put
以上示例虽然实现了操作，但是针对就插入性能方面却是没有优化，后续的文章将会介绍影响PUT操作的性能和PUT的集中方法，作为Hbase性能调优的专题。
