Mongo DB 是目前在IT行业非常流行的一种非关系型数据库(NoSql),其灵活的数据存储方式备受当前IT从业人员的青睐。Mongo DB很好的实现了面向对象的思想(OO思想),在Mongo DB中 每一条记录都是一个Document对象。Mongo DB最大的优势在于所有的数据持久操作都无需开发人员手动编写SQL语句,直接调用方法就可以轻松的实现CRUD操作。本文介绍了如何快速安装mongodb供大家参考。 一、安装配置mongodb Step 1: 设置系统环境及确保缺省端口27107可用 ###当前环境 # cat /etc/issue Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.5 (Santiago) # vi /etc/selinux/config SELINUX=disabled Step 2: 下载安装文件 下载地址： https://www.mongodb.org/downloads. 或者直接在命令提示符下使用curl命令下载 curl -O https://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.6.tgz Step 3: 解压下载的文件 # pwd /usr/local/src # tar -xvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.6.gz ###注，本文直接从网站下载，所以文件为.gz Step 4: 复制解压文件到运行目录 # mkdir -p /var/lib/mongodb # cp -R -n /usr/local/src/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.6/. /var/lib/mongodb/ Step 5: 设置环境变量 e.g. export PATH=<mongodb-install-directory>/bin:$PATH # vi ~/.bash_profile export PATH=/var/lib/mongodb/bin:$PATH # source ~/.bash_profile Step 6: 创建数据目录 # mkdir -p /data/mongodata 二、启动及验证mongodb ###启动mongo # mongod --dbpath /data/mongodata ###以下内容为启动后输出的相关信息 2015-10-28T10:03:33.100 0800 I JOURNAL [initandlisten] journal dir=/data/mongodata/journal 2015-10-28T10:03:33.101 0800 I JOURNAL [initandlisten] recover : no journal files present, no recovery needed 2015-10-28T10:03:33.264 0800 I JOURNAL [initandlisten] preallocateIsFaster=true 2.18 2015-10-28T10:03:33.398 0800 I JOURNAL [durability] Durability thread started 2015-10-28T10:03:33.398 0800 I JOURNAL [journal writer] Journal writer thread started 2015-10-28T10:03:33.401 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=10191 port=27017 dbpath=/data/mongodata 64-bit host=java_2 2015-10-28T10:03:33.401 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended. 2015-10-28T10:03:33.401 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2015-10-28T10:03:33.402 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2015-10-28T10:03:33.402 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'. 2015-10-28T10:03:33.402 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never' 2015-10-28T10:03:33.402 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2015-10-28T10:03:33.402 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'. 2015-10-28T10:03:33.402 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never' 2015-10-28T10:03:33.402 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2015-10-28T10:03:33.402 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] db version v3.0.6 2015-10-28T10:03:33.402 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] git version: 1ef45a23a4c5e3480ac919b28afcba3c615488f2 2015-10-28T10:03:33.402 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] build info: Linux ip-10-67-194-123 2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Nov 9 08:03:13 EST 2011 x86_64 BOOST_LIB_VERSION=1_49 2015-10-28T10:03:33.402 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] allocator: tcmalloc 2015-10-28T10:03:33.402 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] options: { storage: { dbPath: "/data/mongodata" } } 2015-10-28T10:03:33.404 0800 I INDEX [initandlisten] allocating new ns file /data/mongodata/local.ns, filling with zeroes... 2015-10-28T10:03:33.491 0800 I STORAGE [FileAllocator] allocating new datafile /data/mongodata/local.0, filling with zeroes... 2015-10-28T10:03:33.491 0800 I STORAGE [FileAllocator] creating directory /data/mongodata/_tmp 2015-10-28T10:03:33.497 0800 I STORAGE [FileAllocator] done allocating datafile /data/mongodata/local.0, size: 64MB, took 0.001 secs 2015-10-28T10:03:33.511 0800 I NETWORK [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017 ###停止mongo，直接使用ctrl c ^C2015-10-28T10:09:21.510 0800 I CONTROL [signalProcessingThread] got signal 2 (Interrupt), will terminate after current cmd ends 2015-10-28T10:09:21.511 0800 I CONTROL [signalProcessingThread] now exiting 2015-10-28T10:09:21.511 0800 I NETWORK [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: going to close listening sockets... 2015-10-28T10:09:21.511 0800 I NETWORK [signalProcessingThread] closing listening socket: 5 2015-10-28T10:09:21.511 0800 I NETWORK [signalProcessingThread] closing listening socket: 6 2015-10-28T10:09:21.511 0800 I NETWORK [signalProcessingThread] removing socket file: /tmp/mongodb-27017.sock 2015-10-28T10:09:21.511 0800 I NETWORK [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: going to flush diaglog... 2015-10-28T10:09:21.511 0800 I NETWORK [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: going to close sockets... 2015-10-28T10:09:21.512 0800 I STORAGE [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: waiting for fs preallocator... 2015-10-28T10:09:21.512 0800 I STORAGE [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: final commit... 2015-10-28T10:09:21.512 0800 I JOURNAL [signalProcessingThread] journalCleanup... 2015-10-28T10:09:21.512 0800 I JOURNAL [signalProcessingThread] removeJournalFiles 2015-10-28T10:09:21.515 0800 I JOURNAL [signalProcessingThread] Terminating durability thread ... 2015-10-28T10:09:21.615 0800 I JOURNAL [journal writer] Journal writer thread stopped 2015-10-28T10:09:21.615 0800 I JOURNAL [durability] Durability thread stopped 2015-10-28T10:09:21.615 0800 I STORAGE [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: closing all files... 2015-10-28T10:09:21.618 0800 I STORAGE [signalProcessingThread] closeAllFiles() finished 2015-10-28T10:09:21.618 0800 I STORAGE [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: removing fs lock... 2015-10-28T10:09:21.618 0800 I CONTROL [signalProcessingThread] dbexit: rc: 0 ###修复启动过程中的两个警告，关于使用root用户启动mongo的警告先忽略 # echo "never" > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled # echo "never" > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag ###再次重启，后置于后台进程， # mongod --dbpath /data/mongodata & ###查看启动后的进程 # ps -ef|grep mongo |grep -v grep root 11115 27956 0 10:11 pts/2 00:00:00 mongod --dbpath /data/mongodata # lsof -i:27017 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME mongod 11115 root 5u IPv4 50567119 0t0 TCP *:27017 (LISTEN) ###使用mongo连接到mongod # mongo MongoDB shell version: 3.0.6 connecting to: test 2015-10-28T10:14:30.685 0800 I NETWORK [initandlisten] connection accepted from 127.0.0.1:53907 #1 (1 connection now open) Server has startup warnings: 2015-10-28T10:11:49.217 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended. 2015-10-28T10:11:49.217 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] > help db.help() help on db methods db.mycoll.help() help on collection methods sh.help() sharding helpers rs.help() replica set helpers help admin administrative help help connect connecting to a db help help keys key shortcuts help misc misc things to know help mr mapreduce show dbs show database names show collections show collections in current database show users show users in current database show profile show most recent system.profile entries with time >= 1ms show logs show the accessible logger names show log [name] prints out the last segment of log in memory, 'global' is default use <db_name> set current database db.foo.find() list objects in collection foo db.foo.find( { a : 1 } ) list objects in foo where a == 1 it result of the last line evaluated; use to further iterate DBQuery.shellBatchSize = x set default number of items to display on shell exit quit the mongo shell > db.getCollection("version"); test.version > exit bye 三、mongodb相关工具 ###在安装文件下有README，描述了常用的mongodb相关命令行工具 # more /usr/local/mongodb/README MongoDB README Welcome to MongoDB! COMPONENTS bin/mongod - The database process. bin/mongos - Sharding controller. bin/mongo - The database shell (uses interactive javascript). UTILITIES bin/mongodump - MongoDB dump tool - for backups, snapshots, etc.. bin/mongorestore - MongoDB restore a dump bin/mongoexport - Export a single collection to test (JSON, CSV) bin/mongoimport - Import from JSON or CSV bin/mongofiles - Utility for putting and getting files from MongoDB GridFS bin/mongostat - Show performance statistics RUNNING For command line options invoke: $ ./mongod --help To run a single server database: $ mkdir /data/db $ ./mongod $ $ # The mongo javascript shell connects to localhost and test database by default: $ ./mongo > help DRIVERS Client drivers for most programming languages are available at mongodb.org. Use the shell ("mongo") for administrative tasks. ###获取单个命令用法 # <command> --help # mongod --help|more Options: General options: -h [ --help ] show this usage information --version show version information # mongod --version db version v3.0.6 git version: 1ef45a23a4c5e3480ac919b28afcba3c615488f2
Linux下快速安装MongoDB
2018-08-13 14:28:24
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