代码语言：shell复制
#!/bin/bash
# debian 12/11/10 自动切换 apt 阿里云/清华/腾讯/华为/网易163 源； update 更新，自动部署可 kvm 虚拟化，安装google 浏览器；安装 mp4 播放器
# 执行脚本选择对应的 apt 源码，下面 aptdebian12 为apt 源 内容修改写入到：/etc/apt/sources.list 然后执行 sudo apt update 进行更新
echo "当前需要输入当前用户的密码，需要执行 sudo 命令" ; sudo date
aptupdateqinghua(){
# 清华 apt 源手动选择 debian 版本链接：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/debian/
# 注意：定义变量的时候引号需要换行，否则原本的换行将被替换为空格
aptdebian12="
# debian12
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
# 以下安全更新软件源包含了官方源与镜像站配置，如有需要可自行修改注释切换
deb https://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
# deb-src https://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
"
aptdebian11="
# debian11
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
# 以下安全更新软件源包含了官方源与镜像站配置，如有需要可自行修改注释切换
deb https://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free
"
aptdebian10="
# debian10
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
# 以下安全更新软件源包含了官方源与镜像站配置，如有需要可自行修改注释切换
deb https://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free
"
}
ubuntu_ntpdate(){
# 更新时间
sudo apt install ntpdate -y
sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
sudo ntpdate -u cn.pool.ntp.org
sudo apt-get --fix-broken install -y
# 问题：Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution)
}
debian_release_setApt(){
releaseApt=0;
models=`cat /etc/os-release | grep -w NAME | awk -F""" '{print $2}'`
version=`cat /etc/os-release | grep VERSION_ID | awk -F""" '{print $2}' | awk -F"." '{print $1}'`
echo "当前机型为：$models 系统版本: $version "
echo "select apt update: 1.qinghua 2.Alibaba 3.tencent 4.163 任意按键exit" ; read -p "select number : " readset
case $readset in
"1") echo "当前切换到清华源，较慢" ; aptupdateqinghua ;;
"2") echo "当前切换到阿里云源" ; aptupdateqinghua ; releaseApt=1 ; destAptUrl="mirrors.aliyun.com" ;;
"3") echo "当前切换到腾讯云源" ; aptupdateqinghua ; releaseApt=1 ; destAptUrl="mirrors.tencent.com" ;;
"4") echo "当前切换到网易163源" ; aptupdateqinghua ; releaseApt=1 ; destAptUrl="mirrors.163.com" ;;
*) echo "我已经配置 apt 源。正在继续下面任务... " ;;
esac
case $version in
"12") echo "$aptdebian12" > /etc/apt/sources.list ; echo "当前机型： $models $version 已经写入 aptdebian12 apt源 " ;;
"11") echo "$aptdebian11" > /etc/apt/sources.list ; echo "当前机型： $models $version 已经写入 aptdebian11 apt源 " ;;
"10") echo "$aptdebian10" > /etc/apt/sources.list ; echo "当前机型： $models $version 已经写入 aptdebian10 apt源 " ;;
esac
if [ $releaseApt = 1 ]
then
sudo sed -i "s/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/$destAptUrl/g" /etc/apt/sources.list
fi
}
sudo_install(){
if [ `id -un` != "root" ]
then
echo "当前不是 root 用户，需要检测 sudo 工具是否安装，并且 获取 sudo "
a=`sudo apt list --installed | grep sudo | grep now`
if [ ${#a} -lt 1 ]
then
echo " 当前检测到 您没有安装 sudo 超级权限工具，并且当前也不是 root 用户，没有权限更改apt 源，请切换到root 用户执行本shell 按照操作添加用户的sudo 权限"
exit
else
echo "[ ok ] 当前用户 $USER 已经安装 sudo 工具，并且已经配置获得 sudo 超级权限，继续往下配置..."
aptFileList=( sources.list sources.list.d )
aptdir=/etc/apt
sudo chmod 777 -R $aptdir
sudo touch $aptdir/sources.list
for aptfile in ${aptFileList[*]}
do
if [[ ! -e $aptdir/$aptfile.tar ]]
then
if [[ -e $aptdir/$aptfile ]]
then
sudo tar -cvf $aptdir/$aptfile.tar $aptdir/$aptfile
echo "正在备份文件 在：$aptdir/$aptfile.tar"
else
echo "[warrior] 文件不存在 $aptdir/$aptfile 但不影响配置" ; sleep 3
fi
else
echo "已经存在备份文件：$aptdir/$aptfile.tar"
fi
done
echo "" > /etc/apt/sources.list ; debian_release_setApt
# 文件已经附加了权限，删除后文件权限为默认，而不为 777 。如果删除重写，记得重新附加权限 777
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/dpkg/updates/* /etc/apt/sources.list.d
# 删除文件夹1 解决 sudo dpkg --configure -a # to correct the problem
# 删除文件夹2 列表源， 原因： 安装google浏览器等等其它软件，会自动增加 apt 源 ，导致 apt update 出现由于没有公钥，无法验证下列签名： NO_PUBKEY E88979FB9B30ACF2
ubuntu_ntpdate
sudo apt update ; sudo apt update ; sudo apt list --upgradable
echo "切换 apt update 源，更新软件包，和 查看可升级软件包完成"
fi
else
echo "[ok] 当前是 root 用户"
if [ ! -e /etc/apt/sources.list.bak ]
then
cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
echo "备份文件 在： /etc/apt/sources.list.bak"
else
echo "已经存在备份文件：/etc/apt/sources.list.bak"
fi
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/dpkg/updates/*
# 解决 sudo dpkg --configure -a # to correct the problem
debian_release_setApt ; ubuntu_ntpdate ; apt update ; apt install -y sudo
if [ ! -e /etc/sudoers.d/stack ]
then
touch /etc/sudoers.d/stack
fi
echo "为其他用户添加sudo 权限，多个用户空格个开!"
read -p "输入：" readuser
userlist=( root $readuser)
for i in ${userlist[*]}
do
catsudo=`cat /etc/sudoers.d/stack | grep $i`
if [ ${#catsudo} -lt 27 ]
then
echo "$i ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" | sudo tee /etc/sudoers.d/stack
else
echo "[ok] 已经添加过用户 $i 的 sudo 权限"
fi
if [ $i != root ]
then
echo "useradd $i Please set the password $i: "
useradd -m -d /home/$i -s /bin/bash $i; passwd $i
read -p " Do you want to disable root login ssh? y/n: " rootDisableFlag
if [ "$rootDisableFlag" = "y" ]
then
sudo sed -i "s/PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin no/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sudo sed -i "s/#PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin no/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
fi
fi
done
sudo apt update ; sudo apt update ; sudo apt list --upgradable
echo "切换 apt update 源，更新软件包，和 查看可升级软件包完成"
fi
}
install_kvm(){
installedkvm=` apt list --installed | grep virtinst` ; Length=${#installedkvm}
if [ $Length -gt 1 ]
then
echo "kvm 已经安装。"
else
echo "正在安装kvm ... "
sudo apt install qemu-kvm libvirt-daemon-system libvirt-clients bridge-utils virtinst virt-manager -y
sudo systemctl is-active libvirtd
# 验证安装，注意：qemu-kvm 更名为：qemu-system-x86 卸载软件命令：sudo apt autoremove namepackage
echo "$USER ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" | sudo tee /etc/sudoers.d/stack
# 授予当前用户sudo超级权限。
sudo usermod -aG libvirt $USER
sudo usermod -aG kvm $USER
# $USER 当前用户名，加入组，能够创建和管理虚拟机，否则无权限。然后注销重新登陆
fi
}
debian_aptupdate(){
echo "select: 1.config debian apt update 2.install kvm qemu 3 exit"
read -p "input number: " selectRun
case $selectRun in
"1") sudo_install ;;
"2") install_kvm ;;
*) echo "已经跳过此步骤！" ;;
esac
}
apt_install(){
echo "install google , qq , wecat, vscode ?"
read -p "input: y/n ?: " ifapt
if [[ $ifapt = y ]]
then
echo "[runing] install..."
wget eisc.cn/file/ubuntu/shell/server/vscode.sh; sudo chmod x vscode.sh ; ./vscode.sh
wget eisc.cn/file/ubuntu/shell/server/weixin.sh; sudo chmod x weixin.sh ; ./weixin.sh
else
echo "[ok] 取消安装必备软件! "
fi
}
main(){
debian_aptupdate
apt_install
echo "sudo hostnamectl set-hostname debian 更新debian 主机名后，需要在文件 /etc/hosts 的 127.0.0.1 和 ::1 的末尾增加 更改后的主机名，如： debian 否则 sudo 命令很慢"
echo "如果需要更新所有内核软件执行： sudo apt upgrade -y "
echo "do you update kernel : sudo apt upgrade -y "
}
main
# 一键部署：wget http://eisc.cn/file/ubuntu/shell/server/debian_aptupdate.sh ; chmod x debian_aptupdate.sh ; ./debian_aptupdate.sh
