前言
Kafka是由Apache软件基金会开发的一个开源流处理平台，由Scala和Java编写。Kafka是一种高吞吐量的分布式发布订阅消息系统，它可以处理消费者规模的网站中的所有动作流数据。 这种动作（网页浏览，搜索和其他用户的行动）是在现代网络上的许多社会功能的一个关键因素。 这些数据通常是由于吞吐量的要求而通过处理日志和日志聚合来解决。 对于像Hadoop的一样的日志数据和离线分析系统，但又要求实时处理的限制，这是一个可行的解决方案。Kafka的目的是通过Hadoop的并行加载机制来统一线上和离线的消息处理，也是为了通过集群来提供实时的消息。
Kafka官网 | http://kafka.apache.org/
步骤
下载Kafka
进入Kafka的官网选择自己需要的版本下载即可，我这里选择的是2.12版本。
# wget http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/kafka/2.2.0/kafka_2.12-2.2.0.tgz
创建安装目录
我一般创建于usr/local的目录下
# mkdir /usr/local/kafka解压到安装目录下
将下载好的kafka解压到刚才创建的目录下
# tar -zxvf kafka_2.12-2.2.0.tgz -C /usr/local/kafka/
修改配置文件
编辑kafka的配置文件server.properties
# vi /usr/local/kafka/kafka_2.12-2.2.0/config/server.properties
log.dirs=/usr/local/kafka/kafka_2.12-2.2.0/kafka-logs //日志文件
#远程连接
#去掉31行的注释，listeners=PLAINTEXT://:9092
#去掉36行的注释，把advertised.listeners值改为PLAINTEXT://host.name:9092（host.name是你的IP地址）
启动zookeeper
运行kafka之前,需要启动zookeeper
代码语言：javascript复制# /usr/local/kafka/kafka_2.12-2.2.0/bin/zookeeper-server-start.sh /usr/local/kafka/kafka_2.12-2.2.0/config/zookeeper.properties 
启动kafka
代码语言：javascript复制# /usr/local/kafka/kafka_2.12-2.2.0/bin/kafka-server-start.sh /usr/local/kafka/kafka_2.12-2.2.0/config/server.properties 
到这里安装已经完成了,走下来没遇到什么报错
创建topic
运行kafka-topics.sh脚本,可以看到一些帮助命令
# /usr/local/kafka/kafka_2.12-2.2.0/bin/kafka-topics.sh
Create, delete, describe, or change a topic.
Option Description
------ -----------
--alter Alter the number of partitions,
replica assignment, and/or
configuration for the topic.
--bootstrap-server <String: server to REQUIRED: The Kafka server to connect
connect to> to. In case of providing this, a
direct Zookeeper connection won't be
required.
--command-config <String: command Property file containing configs to be
config property file> passed to Admin Client. This is used
only with --bootstrap-server option
for describing and altering broker
configs.
--config <String: name=value> A topic configuration override for the
topic being created or altered.The
following is a list of valid
configurations:
cleanup.policy
compression.type
delete.retention.ms
file.delete.delay.ms
flush.messages
flush.ms
follower.replication.throttled.
replicas
index.interval.bytes
leader.replication.throttled.replicas
max.message.bytes
message.downconversion.enable
message.format.version
message.timestamp.difference.max.ms
message.timestamp.type
min.cleanable.dirty.ratio
min.compaction.lag.ms
min.insync.replicas
preallocate
retention.bytes
retention.ms
segment.bytes
segment.index.bytes
segment.jitter.ms
segment.ms
unclean.leader.election.enable
See the Kafka documentation for full
details on the topic configs.It is
supported only in combination with --
create if --bootstrap-server option
is used.
--create Create a new topic.
--delete Delete a topic
--delete-config <String: name> A topic configuration override to be
removed for an existing topic (see
the list of configurations under the
--config option). Not supported with
the --bootstrap-server option.
--describe List details for the given topics.
--disable-rack-aware Disable rack aware replica assignment
--exclude-internal exclude internal topics when running
list or describe command. The
internal topics will be listed by
default
--force Suppress console prompts
--help Print usage information.
--if-exists if set when altering or deleting or
describing topics, the action will
only execute if the topic exists.
Not supported with the --bootstrap-
server option.
--if-not-exists if set when creating topics, the
action will only execute if the
topic does not already exist. Not
supported with the --bootstrap-
server option.
--list List all available topics.
--partitions <Integer: # of partitions> The number of partitions for the topic
being created or altered (WARNING:
If partitions are increased for a
topic that has a key, the partition
logic or ordering of the messages
will be affected
--replica-assignment <String: A list of manual partition-to-broker
broker_id_for_part1_replica1 : assignments for the topic being
broker_id_for_part1_replica2 , created or altered.
broker_id_for_part2_replica1 :
broker_id_for_part2_replica2 , ...>
--replication-factor <Integer: The replication factor for each
replication factor> partition in the topic being created.
--topic <String: topic> The topic to create, alter, describe
or delete. It also accepts a regular
expression, except for --create
option. Put topic name in double
quotes and use the '' prefix to
escape regular expression symbols; e.
g. "test.topic".
--topics-with-overrides if set when describing topics, only
show topics that have overridden
configs
--unavailable-partitions if set when describing topics, only
show partitions whose leader is not
available
--under-replicated-partitions if set when describing topics, only
show under replicated partitions
--zookeeper <String: hosts> DEPRECATED, The connection string for
the zookeeper connection in the form
host:port. Multiple hosts can be
given to allow fail-over. 创建wechat并创建10个分区
代码语言：javascript复制# bin/kafka-topics.sh --create --topic wechat --partitions 10 --replication-factor 1 --zookeeper localhost:2181查看topic详情
代码语言：javascript复制bin/kafka-topics.sh --topic wechat --describe --zookeeper localhost:2181安装脚本
代码语言：javascript复制#!/bin/bash
wget http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/kafka/2.2.0/kafka_2.12-2.2.0.tgz
mkdir /usr/local/kafka
tar -zxvf kafka_2.12-2.2.0.tgz -C /usr/local/kafka/
network=`ip a | grep '2: ' | awk {'print $2'} | sed "s/://g"`
ip=`ifconfig $network |grep -w 'inet' | awk '{print $2}'`
if [ 0 -eq $? ] ; then
sed -i "/^#listeners=PLAINTEXT/clisteners=PLAINTEXT://$ip:9092" "/usr/local/kafka/kafka_2.12-2.2.0/config/server.properties"
sed -i "/^log.dir/clog.dirs=/usr/local/kafka/kafka_2.12-2.2.0/kafka-logs" "/usr/local/kafka/kafka_2.12-2.2.0/config/server.properties"
sed -i "/^#advertised.listeners/cadvertised.listeners=PLAINTEXT://$ip:9092" "/usr/local/kafka/kafka_2.12-2.2.0/config/server.properties"
else
echo "No geting IP! Kafka config need reconfigure!"
fi
nohup /usr/local/kafka/kafka_2.12-2.2.0/bin/zookeeper-server-start.sh /usr/local/kafka/kafka_2.12-2.2.0/config/zookeeper.properties >zookeeper.log 2>&1 &
nohup /usr/local/kafka/kafka_2.12-2.2.0/bin/kafka-server-start.sh /usr/local/kafka/kafka_2.12-2.2.0/config/server.properties >kafka.log 2>&1 &
