环境规划
角色规划
主机名 | 系统版本 | K8S版本 | 角色 | IP地址 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
k8s-master | Centos7 | 1.18.5 | master | 192.168.3.5 |
k8s-node-1 | Centos7 | 1.18.5 | node | 192.168.3.6 |
k8s-node-2 | Centos7 | 1.18.5 | node | 192.168.3.7 |
网络规划
用途 | 网络 |
|---|---|
service | 10.96.0.0/12 |
pod | 10.244.0.0/16 |
环境配置
以下的环境设置需要在所有服务器上操作。
repo设置
docker
代码语言：javascript复制[docker-ce]
name=Docker CE
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/x86_64/stable/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0kubernetes
代码语言：javascript复制[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes Repo
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0epel
代码语言：javascript复制yum -y install epel-release查看repo源是否配置正确：
代码语言：javascript复制[root@k8s-master yum.repos.d]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
docker-ce | 3.5 kB 00:00:00
kubernetes | 1.4 kB 00:00:00
(1/3): docker-ce/updateinfo | 55 B 00:00:00
(2/3): docker-ce/primary_db | 45 kB 00:00:00
(3/3): kubernetes/primary | 73 kB 00:00:00
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp
* epel: mirror.telkomuniversity.ac.id
* extras: ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp
* updates: ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp
kubernetes 533/533
repo id repo name status
base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base 10,070
docker-ce Docker CE 79
epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 13,376
extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras 412
kubernetes Kubernetes Repo 533
updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates 890
repolist: 25,360hosts
代码语言：javascript复制192.168.3.5 k8s-master
192.168.3.6 k8s-node-1
192.168.3.7 k8s-node-2防火墙
代码语言：javascript复制systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
sed -i "s/enforcing/disabled/" /etc/selinux/config 网络设置
访问外网
自行处理（可以访问到github、kubernetes等其他你懂的）
桥接设置
代码语言：javascript复制[root@k8s-master ~]# cat /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-ip6tables
1
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-iptables
1docker设置
docker的Cgroup Driver和kubelet的Cgroup Driver不一致，修改如下:
编辑文件/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd --exec-opt native.cgroupdriver=systemd
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker
docker info | grep system
[root@kuberneters-master ~]# docker info | grep system
Backing Filesystem: xfs
Cgroup Driver: systemd其他设置
关闭交换分区（swap） 时间同步（所有服务器时间都必须保持一致，可以使用ntp同步。）
安装部署
kubernetes的部署方式有很多，最原始的方式我就不尝试了，下面我使用kubeadm的方式来初始化部署一个kubernetes群集。
Master
安装组件和容器引擎
代码语言：javascript复制[root@k8s-master yum.repos.d]# yum -y install docker-ce kubelet kuberadm kubectl初始化群集
代码语言：javascript复制[root@k8s-master ~]# kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.18.5 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12 --ignore-preflight-errors=Swap
--kubernetes-version：指定要部署的k8s版本，不指定的话就是默认的最新稳定版本；
--pod-network-cidr：指定pod的网络CIDR；
--service-cidr：指定service的网络CIDR；
--ignore-preflight-errors:在预检中如果有错误可以忽略掉，比如忽略 IsPrivilegedUser,Swap等；
--apiserver-advertise-address：表示apiserver对外的地址是什么，默认是0.0.0.0；
--apiserver-bind-port：表示apiserver的端口是什么，默认是6443；
W0709 11:32:12.551573 2186 configset.go:202] WARNING: kubeadm cannot validate component configs for API groups [kubelet.config.k8s.io kubeproxy.config.k8s.io]
[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.18.5
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
[WARNING Firewalld]: firewalld is active, please ensure ports [6443 10250] are open or your cluster may not function correctly
[WARNING IsDockerSystemdCheck]: detected "cgroupfs" as the Docker cgroup driver. The recommended driver is "systemd". Please follow the guide at https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/cri/
[WARNING Hostname]: hostname "k8s-master" could not be reached
[WARNING Hostname]: hostname "k8s-master": lookup k8s-master on 192.168.3.1:53: no such host
[preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster
[preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection
[preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull'
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Starting the kubelet
[certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki"
[certs] Generating "ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver" certificate and key
[certs] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local] and IPs [10.96.0.1 192.168.3.5]
[certs] Generating "apiserver-kubelet-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/server" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master localhost] and IPs [192.168.3.5 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/peer" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master localhost] and IPs [192.168.3.5 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/healthcheck-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver-etcd-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "sa" key and public key
[kubeconfig] Using kubeconfig folder "/etc/kubernetes"
[kubeconfig] Writing "admin.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "kubelet.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "controller-manager.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "scheduler.conf" kubeconfig file
[control-plane] Using manifest folder "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-apiserver"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-controller-manager"
W0709 11:32:18.434222 2186 manifests.go:225] the default kube-apiserver authorization-mode is "Node,RBAC"; using "Node,RBAC"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-scheduler"
W0709 11:32:18.435427 2186 manifests.go:225] the default kube-apiserver authorization-mode is "Node,RBAC"; using "Node,RBAC"
[etcd] Creating static Pod manifest for local etcd in "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[wait-control-plane] Waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests". This can take up to 4m0s
[apiclient] All control plane components are healthy after 23.007757 seconds
[upload-config] Storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace
[kubelet] Creating a ConfigMap "kubelet-config-1.18" in namespace kube-system with the configuration for the kubelets in the cluster
[upload-certs] Skipping phase. Please see --upload-certs
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node k8s-master as control-plane by adding the label "node-role.kubernetes.io/master=''"
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node k8s-master as control-plane by adding the taints [node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule]
[bootstrap-token] Using token: wintvq.mug5ekr610i7i0b0
[bootstrap-token] Configuring bootstrap tokens, cluster-info ConfigMap, RBAC Roles
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to get nodes
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster
[bootstrap-token] Creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace
[kubelet-finalize] Updating "/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf" to point to a rotatable kubelet client certificate and key
[addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS
[addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!
To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
kubeadm join 192.168.3.5:6443 --token wintvq.mug5ekr610i7i0b0
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:41d54381dfbebd943b03cd7368584414635eeab0f9cba375480f618a33bae157 上述初始化成功之后，按照提示里面说的需要做一些操作。生产环境请使用普通用户执行下述命令，我这边事实验环境，所以就直接root了。
代码语言：javascript复制mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config安装flannel组件
代码语言：javascript复制[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
podsecuritypolicy.policy/psp.flannel.unprivileged created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
serviceaccount/flannel created
configmap/kube-flannel-cfg created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-amd64 created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-arm64 created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-arm created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-ppc64le created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-s390x creatednode
代码语言：javascript复制[root@k8s-node-1 yum.repos.d]# yum -y install docker-ce kubelet kuberadm kubectl
[root@k8s-node-2 yum.repos.d]# yum -y install docker-ce kubelet kuberadm kubectl加入群集
登陆到node节点，执行join命令加入群集。
代码语言：javascript复制kubeadm join 192.168.3.5:6443 --token wintvq.mug5ekr610i7i0b0
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:41d54381dfbebd943b03cd7368584414635eeab0f9cba375480f618a33bae157 测时群集
查看node状态
代码语言：javascript复制[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master Ready master 25h v1.18.5
k8s-node-1 Ready <none> 25h v1.18.5
k8s-node-2 Ready <none> 24h v1.18.5查看命名空间
代码语言：javascript复制[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get ns
NAME STATUS AGE
default Active 25h
kube-node-lease Active 25h
kube-public Active 25h
kube-system Active 25h查看指定命名空间详细信息
代码语言：javascript复制[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
coredns-66bff467f8-jwrl5 1/1 Running 0 28m 10.244.0.3 k8s-master <none> <none>
coredns-66bff467f8-s4jbd 1/1 Running 0 28m 10.244.0.2 k8s-master <none> <none>
etcd-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 28m 192.168.3.5 k8s-master <none> <none>
kube-apiserver-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 28m 192.168.3.5 k8s-master <none> <none>
kube-controller-manager-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 28m 192.168.3.5 k8s-master <none> <none>
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-64j2m 1/1 Running 0 2m11s 192.168.3.6 k8s-node-1 <none> <none>
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-sfqlj 1/1 Running 0 16m 192.168.3.5 k8s-master <none> <none>
kube-proxy-hdh9n 1/1 Running 0 2m11s 192.168.3.6 k8s-node-1 <none> <none>
kube-proxy-nx7nr 1/1 Running 0 28m 192.168.3.5 k8s-master <none> <none>
kube-scheduler-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 28m 192.168.3.5 k8s-master <none> <none>查看组件状态
代码语言：javascript复制[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get cs
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
controller-manager Healthy ok
scheduler Healthy ok
etcd-0 Healthy {"health":"true"} 查看pods
代码语言：javascript复制[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
coredns-66bff467f8-jwrl5 0/1 Running 0 13m
coredns-66bff467f8-s4jbd 0/1 Running 0 13m
etcd-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 13m
kube-apiserver-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 13m
kube-controller-manager-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 13m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-sfqlj 1/1 Running 0 2m10s
kube-proxy-nx7nr 1/1 Running 0 13m
kube-scheduler-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 13m查看版本信息
代码语言：javascript复制[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl version
Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"18", GitVersion:"v1.18.5", GitCommit:"e6503f8d8f769ace2f338794c914a96fc335df0f", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2020-06-26T03:47:41Z", GoVersion:"go1.13.9", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
Server Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"18", GitVersion:"v1.18.5", GitCommit:"e6503f8d8f769ace2f338794c914a96fc335df0f", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2020-06-26T03:39:24Z", GoVersion:"go1.13.9", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}function Catalogswith(){document.getElementById("catalog-col").classList.toggle("catalog");document.getElementById("catalog").classList.toggle("catalog")}
