一、背景
通过压测发现系统瓶颈，评估系统 QPS、吞吐量上限
二、工具选择
ab、wrk、Jmeter
ab
代码语言：javascript复制[root@VM-190-129-centos ~]# ab --help
Usage: ab [options] [http[s]://]hostname[:port]/path
Options are:
-n requests Number of requests to perform（总请求数）
-c concurrency Number of multiple requests to make at a time（并发请求数）
-t timelimit Seconds to max. to spend on benchmarking
This implies -n 50000
-s timeout Seconds to max. wait for each response
Default is 30 seconds
-b windowsize Size of TCP send/receive buffer, in bytes
-B address Address to bind to when making outgoing connections
-p postfile File containing data to POST. Remember also to set -T（POST 请求体文件，需配合 -T）
-u putfile File containing data to PUT. Remember also to set -T
-T content-type Content-type header to use for POST/PUT data, eg.（设置 Content-Type 请求头）
'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
Default is 'text/plain'
-v verbosity How much troubleshooting info to print
-w Print out results in HTML tables
-i Use HEAD instead of GET
-x attributes String to insert as table attributes
-y attributes String to insert as tr attributes
-z attributes String to insert as td or th attributes
-C attribute Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234'. (repeatable)（设置 cookie）
-H attribute Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'（设置请求头）
Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)
-A attribute Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes
are a colon separated username and password.
-P attribute Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes
are a colon separated username and password.
-X proxy:port Proxyserver and port number to use（指定使用的代理服务器和端口号，例如 "127.0.0.1:88"）
-V Print version number and exit
-k Use HTTP KeepAlive feature（是否开启长连接）
-d Do not show percentiles served table.
-S Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.
-q Do not show progress when doing more than 150 requests
-g filename Output collected data to gnuplot format file.（输出结果信息到 gnuplot 格式文件）
-e filename Output CSV file with percentages served（输出结果信息到 CSV 格式文件）
-r Don't exit on socket receive errors.
-h Display usage information (this message)
-Z ciphersuite Specify SSL/TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers)
-f protocol Specify SSL/TLS protocol
(SSL3, TLS1, TLS1.1, TLS1.2 or ALL)wrk
代码语言：javascript复制[root@cdntest-wrk-0 ~]# wrk --help
Usage: wrk <options> <url>
Options:
-c, --connections <N> Connections to keep open（并发数）
-d, --duration <T> Duration of test（持续时间/秒）
-t, --threads <N> Number of threads to use（线程数）
-s, --script <S> Load Lua script file（从 Lua 文件中读取请求信息）
-H, --header <H> Add header to request（设置请求头）
--latency Print latency statistics
--timeout <T> Socket/request timeout
-v, --version Print version details
Numeric arguments may include a SI unit (1k, 1M, 1G)
Time arguments may include a time unit (2s, 2m, 2h)通过解读 ab 和 wrk 关键参数可知： 1.ab 不支持从文件或使用编码，动态修改 POST 或 url 信息； 2.通过 google 了解到 ab 不支持多线程。 以上两个特性 wrk 可以支持，而 Jmeter 需安装 GUI，没有 CLI 方便没有详细去了解，选择用 wrk 进行压测。
三、示例
命令
代码语言：javascript复制wrk -t1 -c1 -d1s -s post.lua --latency http://127.0.0.1:8080/index.php使用 lua 脚本，实现 POST 请求动态参数组装
post.lua
代码语言：javascript复制--压测命令
--wrk -t1 -c1 -d1s -s post.lua --latency http://127.0.0.1:8080/index.php
--单条全局测试
--wrk.method = "POST"
--wrk.headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
--wrk.body = '{"Urls":"http://127.0.0.1","Action":"Test"}'
--os.exit()
--函数:删除字符串尾部逗号
function rtrim_comma(input)
return (string.gsub(input, "[,] $", ""))
end
--[[
--调试
url = 'http://127.0.0.1/'
urls = ''
r = math.random(10000000,99999999)
for i=1,10,1 do
-- print(i)
urls = urls .. '"' .. url .. r .. '/' .. i .. '",'
end
urls = rtrim_comma(urls)
print(urls)
body = '{"Urls":['.. urls ..'],"Action":"Test"}'
print(body)
--]]
--全局参数
wrk.method = "POST"
wrk.headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
--每个请求参数
request = function()
--动态拼接 POST 中的 Urls 参数
url = 'http://127.0.0.1/'
urls = ''
r = math.random(10000000,99999999)
for i=1,10,1 do
-- print(i)
urls = urls .. '"' .. url .. r .. '/' .. i .. '",'
end
urls = rtrim_comma(urls)
body = '{"Urls":['.. urls ..'],"Action":"Test"}'
--print(body)
return wrk.format(nil, nil, nil, body)
end
