文章背景： 在工作中，有时想获取文件夹内日期最近的文件，可以借助Dir函数来进行任务的实现。
示例：文件夹内存放有多个不同日期的Excel文件，想要获取最新日期的文件名称和路径。
函数代码：
代码语言：javascript复制Function getLatestFilePath(origin As String) As String
'获取最近的文件路径
Dim filename As String, Finalname As String, folder As String
folder = Left(origin, InStrRev(origin, ""))
Finalname = Dir(origin)
filename = Dir(origin)
Do While filename <> ""
If filename > Finalname Then
Finalname = filename
End If
filename = Dir()
Loop
getLatestFilePath = folder & Finalname
Exit Function
End Function
Function getLatestFileName(origin As String) As String
'获取最近的文件名称
Dim filename As String, Finalname As String, folder As String
folder = Left(origin, InStrRev(origin, ""))
Finalname = Dir(origin)
filename = Dir(origin)
Do While filename <> ""
If filename > Finalname Then
Finalname = filename
End If
filename = Dir()
Loop
getLatestFileName = Finalname
Exit Function
End Function
Function IsFileExists(path As String) As Boolean
On Error Resume Next
If Len(Dir(path)) > 0 Then
IsFileExists = True
Exit Function
Else
IsFileExists = False
Exit Function
End If
If Err.Number <> 0 Then
IsFileExists = False
End If
On Error GoTo 0
End Function示例的VBA代码：
代码语言：javascript复制Option Explicit
Sub test()
Dim Origin_path As String, Object_Path As String, Object_Name As String
Origin_path = "C:Localtest*"
If IsFileExists(Origin_path) Then
Object_Path = getLatestFilePath(Origin_path)
Object_Name = getLatestFileName(Origin_path)
MsgBox "最新的文件路径：" & Object_Path & vbNewLine & "最新的文件名称：" & Object_Name
Else
MsgBox "路径有误，请确认！"
End If
End Sub结果展示：
延伸阅读：
（1）InStrRev函数
返回一个字符串在另一个字符串中首次出现的位置（从字符串的末尾开始）。
参考资料：
[1] VBA: 通过Dir函数查找指定文件
[2] InStrRev 函数 (Visual Basic for Applications) | Microsoft Learn（https://learn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/office/vba/language/reference/user-interface-help/instrrev-function）
