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华三交换机经常出现L2转发故障,本文针对L2转发故障做一个简单的总结
故障描述
华三S12500交换机与属于同一个网段、使用相同VLAN的设备之间,二层流量丢包/不通。报文在设备上进行二层转发的条件是报文的目的MAC与交换机自身的MAC不相等。注意:交换机自身 的MAC地址有多个,属于同一个地址段,比如下面显示的是交换机VLAN接口的MAC。
代码语言:javascript复制[Sysname]display interface vlan-interface 10
Vlan-interface10 current state: UP
Line protocol current state: UP
Description: Vlan-interface10 Interface
The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500
Internet Address is 10.0.0.1/24 Primary
IP Packet Frame Type: PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware Address: 00e0-fc00-6503
IPv6 Packet Frame Type: PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware Address: 00e0-fc00-6503
Last clearing of counters: Never
Last 300 seconds input rate: 0 bytes/sec, 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate: 0 bytes/sec, 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 drops
0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 drops
故障处理步骤
1、配置检查
检查二层配置是否正常,如:
- VLAN/PVID
- 报文过滤
- 报文重定向
- 流量监管(CAR)
- 流量整形(GTS)
- 未知单播/组播/广播报文抑制
2、MAC检查
检查MAC学习的端口是否正确,是否存在环路导致MAC学习到错误端口,必要时可以配置静态MAC来快速恢复业务。
代码语言:javascript复制<Sysname>display mac-address
MAC ADDR VLAN ID STATE PORT INDEX AGING TIME(s)
000f-e259-79c0 25 Learned GigabitEthernet2/15/0/1 AGING
00e0-fc12-3456 25 Learned GigabitEthernet2/15/0/1 AGING
0023-8956-7b00 3102 Learned Ten-GigabitEthernet2/4/0/1 AGING
0023-8956-7b00 3202 Learned Ten-GigabitEthernet2/4/0/8 AGING
--- 4 mac address(es) found ---
3、L2报文计数检查
- 统计入端口计数
[Sysname]qos traffic-counter inbound counter0 slot 3 interface Gigabitethernet 3/0/1
多次查询计数观察入端口discarded丢包计数是否增加。如丢包计数持续增加,请参照表1计数描述检查端口配置是否正确;
代码语言:javascript复制[Sysname]display qos traffic-counter inbound counter0 slot 3
Slot 3 inbound counter0 mode:
Interface: GigabitEthernet3/0/1
VLAN: all
Traffic-counter summary:
Bridge in frames: 0 packets
Bridge local discarded: 0 packets
Bridge vlan ingress filter discarded: 0 packets
Bridge security filter discarded: 0 packets
表1入端口统计计数描述表
- 配置统计出端口计数
[Sysname]qos traffic-counter outbound counter0 slot 4 interface Gigabitethernet 4/0/1
多次查询计数观察出端口discarded丢包计数是否增加。请参照表2计数描述检查端口配置是否正确;
代码语言:javascript复制[Sysname]display qos traffic-counter outbound counter0 slot 4
Slot 4 outbound counter0 mode:
Interface: GigabitEthernet4/0/1
VLAN: all
Local precedence: all
Drop priority: all
Traffic-counter summary:
Unicast: 0 packets
Multicast: 0 packets
Broadcast: 0 packets
Control packets: 0 packets
Bridge egress filtered packets: 0 packets
Tail drop packets: 0 packets
Multicast Tail drop packets: 2 packets
Forward restrictions packets: 0 packets